Cyproheptadine in Severe COVID-19 : A Unblinded Randomized Trial

Cyproheptadine in Severe COVID-19 : A Unblinded Randomized Trial

This randomized controled open label clinical trial is to evaluate the effect of Cyproheptadine on the clinical course of patients presenting a severe SARS-COV 2 pneumonia.

Observational and biochemical studies have identified an interesting pathway in the pathophysiology of certain clinical-biological characteristics of COVID-19, linked to an excess of serotonin. We hypothesize that the antagonism of the action of serotonin could improve the clinical course of patients most severely affected by COVID-19.

One such antagonist of serotonin with a long track record of safety and tolerability is cyproheptadine. Cyproheptadine acts as an antagonist of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT=serotonin) receptor subtype 2 as well as histamine-1 receptor. Many of the potent effects of serotonin on lung vascular tone, respiratory rate, and systemic vascular beds are mediated by 5-HT receptor subtype 2.

Investigators will randomize approximately 200 participants, aged 18 and older, who have tested positive for COVID-19 and who will be hospitalized at Santa Cabrini Hospital in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, presenting a severe form of covid-pneumonia-19 requiring supplemental oxygen.

Study eligibility of all participants will be assessed first. Once a participant is confirmed eligible and consented, they will participate in the study.

Participants will be randomly assigned (1: 1) to either take cyproheptadine 8 mg by mouth three times a day for 5 days and receive standard care or receive standard care alone.

The dose will be adjusted according to the glomerular filtration rate.

On D1, D3, D5, D7 and D10 since randomization, participant's vital signs (including SpO2, respiratory rate, FiO2 or oxygen flow, heart rate, blood pressure and temperature), blood creatinine, bilirubin, CRP, LDH, Dimers and platelets the count will be evaluated. Any adverse event will be assessed daily and documented.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Men and women age 18 or older
• Hospitalized and requiring medical care for COVID-19
• Presenting respiratory failure cause by COVID 19 requiring oxygen and/or mechanical ventilation support
• With radiographic evidence of pulmonary infiltrate
• Able to give informed consent or, if unable to do so regarding the medical condition, having relatives able of consenting for the patient

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pregnancy
• Patients with pre-existing terminal condition with life expectancy < 6 months
• Patients with pre-existing severe lung disease requiring home O2
• History of seizure disorder
• History of adverse reaction to antihistamines or to Cyproheptadine