Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) have been studying by clinicians, particularly by anesthesiologists, pretty long, however the most inspiring advancements were achieved during the last few decades. The most recent classification of PND which includes cognitive decline diagnosed before operation (described as neurocognitive disorder); any form of acute event (postoperative delirium) and cognitive decline diagnosed up to 30 days after the procedure (delayed neurocognitive recovery) and up to 12 months (postoperative neurocognitive disorder) was proposed in 2017. However at will one can notice at least one uncertainty that pertinent to the definition of delirium, emergency delirium and not mentioned in the classification discussed agitation.

The objective of the study is to determine if there is a difference between emergence agitation and emergence delirium.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age from 45 to 74 years
• Undergoing elective orthopedic surgery
• Provide written informed consent to participate in the PoD trial

Exclusion Criteria:

• Undergoing emergent/urgent surgery
• Montreal Cognitive Assessment < 18 points
• History of mental disorders according ICD-11
• Treated with at least one psychotropic drug
• Patients with neuromuscular disease
• Inability to undergo preoperative assessment for any reason
• Previously enrolled in PoD trial

Patients from 45 to 74 years old undergoing elective orthopedic surgery