Patients were divided into cohort groupings to compare outcomes of applying CranioSacral Therapy to their unique constellations of persistent symptoms attributed to their concussion injury. Symptoms less than 3-6 months duration may be part of the usually rate of injury resolution through rest along. Symptoms persisting after 6 months are considered PCS. Less than 6 months since injury were considered post-acute concussion stage of recovery.

Reporting of symptoms that exist and/or persist may differ between patients who are/were athletes and concussions were sustained during their sporting events. Non-athletes may report differently. The types of injuries involved in the concussion were also captured.

Symptoms and response to rest has been reported to have differences between male and female patients. Age under 14 years was considered an exclusion due to immaturity in insight and reporting. Thus, young adult ages and older were included and observations between gender reporting was noted.

The Upledger method of applying both specific and non-specific manual therapy of gentle, sustained, non-invasive stretch to soft tissues of fascia, meninges and osseous attachments. Fluid exchange is also believed to be a resulting result of CST. Treatment is applied to myofascial and osseous sites over the entire body, tending to specific and unique constellation of tissue restrictions and osseous compressions of soft tissue.

Data extracted from medical chart to study how many sessions patients participated in (addressing their presenting symptoms). Number of sessions were recorded.

Additional data extracted from chart review to study trends of population sample included: gender differences in reporting, athletes/non-athletes reporting, time since injury, etiology of concussion (sports vs. non-sports).