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To evaluate whether ketamine is a safe sedative-analgesic agent to be used in an intensive care unit (ICU) setting as compared to traditionally used agents such as propofol, opioids, and midazolam
According to the 2018 Clinical Practice Guidelines for the prevention and management of pain, agitation/sedation, delirium, immobility, and sleep disruption in adult patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), nonbenzodiazepine sedatives (such as propofol and dexmedetomidine) are preferable to benzodiazepine sedatives (such as midazolam and lorazepam) in critically ill, mechanically ventilated patients. Moreover, continuous use of benzodiazepine (more than 48 hours) has been associated with a risk of prolonged sedation and delirium. On the other hand, though propofol has a remarkable safety profile, it carries unfavorable side effects such as dose-dependent hypotension, hypertriglyceridemia, pancreatitis, and propofol syndrome (which is a rare but potentially fatal complication, associated with high-dose propofol infusions, and characterized by severe metabolic acidosis and circulatory collapse).
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, an enormous number of patients required mechanical ventilation, which led to the shortage of traditional sedatives such as propofol, dexmedetomidine, midazolam, and lorazepam in the hospitals. In this challenging time, ketamine was used as an alternative sedative infusion. This study is to evaluate whether ketamine is safer compared to other sedatives in severe COVID related ARDS patients.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ketamine group | This cohort includes patients who received ketamine as a sedative analgesic agent during mechanical ventilation | ||
| Non Ketamine group | This cohort includes patients who received sedatives other than ketamine during mechanical ventilation |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| All-Cause mortality | The two groups were compared for all-cause mortality during the ICU stay | 10 months (throughout the study period) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Hospital length of stay | The two groups were compared for hospital length of stay | 10 months (throughout the study period) |
| Duration of ventilator days | The patients in two groups were compared for the duration of ventilator days |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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This study includes patients who are on mechanical ventilators and classified as moderate to severe ARDS with a PF ratio < 150.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| RAMAKANTH PATA, MD | Interfaith Medical Center | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Interfaith Medical Center | New York | New York | 11414 | United States |
Willing to share all aspects of de-identified data
Available from March 30/2021
Can be accessed via publishing journal
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003693 | Delirium |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003221 | Confusion |
| D019954 | Neurobehavioral Manifestations |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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| 10 months (throughout the study period) |
| Infectious complications | The patients in both groups were cultured as clinically suspected for infection. This included blood culture, urine culture and BAL/TTA | 10 months (throughout the study period) |
| Acute Kidney Injury | Routine blood samples were obtained that included serum creatinine. Acute kidney injury is defined as per KDIGO | 10 months (throughout the study period) |
| Hemodynamic instability | The patients were classified as hemodynamic instability if received vasopressors or ionotropes | 10 months (throughout the study period) |
| Delirium after extubation | All patients in the study were routinely screened for delirium using the CAM-ICU score | 10 months (throughout the study period) |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D019965 | Neurocognitive Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |