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The aim of this study is to identify adverse events following vaccination by the COVID-19 vaccine by evaluating adverse side effects, hematological values; immunogenicity in the Egyptian candidates in response to COVID-19 vaccine, summarizing the which may occur following administration of COVID-19 vaccine.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging respiratory infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that had infected more than 100 million individuals and caused more than 2 million deaths worldwide by February 13, 2021. A safe and effective vaccination trials against COVID-19 is urgently needed. There are currently more than 160 COVID-19 candidate vaccines in development worldwide, and 25 are in different phases of clinical trials using different platforms.
The efficacy and immunogenicity of vaccines varies depending on the study cohort. Race and ethnicity were shown to affect the antibody responses to the rubella vaccine, which elicited significantly higher titers in children of African ethnicity compared to those of European descent or Hispanic ethnicity, likely, disparities in serologic responses to vaccines were also observed between different ethnic groups for the Haemophilus influenzae type b-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine , or the Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide-Neisseria meningitidis outer membrane protein conjugate vaccine . thus keeping the race an important factor in studding its effect on immunogenicity of vaccine. Thus keeping the race an important factor in studding its effect on immunogenicity of vaccine, which pushed us to estimate immunogenicity in Egyptian population after vaccination with the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine.
Heamatological changes after vaccination had been detected in many researches; lecuocytosis was found shortly after vaccination of infants, which was primarily a neutrophilia but no participant received antibiotics and all remained well at follow-up . In a case series study, also leukocytosis with fever was detected following pneumococcal vaccine administration . On the other hand, neutropenia was detected following a new vaccine against Shigella sonnei . Platelets abnormalities also had been detected following vaccination, a previous example is idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, linked to the administration of measles-containing vaccines .
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| viral vector vaccine | Biological | AstraZeneca vaccine |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| serological antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 e | Total IgG titer | change from baseline at one month after first dose |
| serological antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 e | Total IgG titer | one month after second dose |
| Complete blood count (CBC) | to evaluate total leucocyte count TLC | change from baseline at one month after first dose |
| Complete blood count (CBC) | to evaluate total leucocyte count TLC | one month after second dose |
| Complete blood count (CBC) | absolute neutrophilic count (ANC) | change from baseline at one month after first dose |
| Complete blood count (CBC) | absolute neutrophilic count (ANC) | one month after second dose |
| Complete blood count (CBC) | platelets (PLTs) | change from baseline at one month after first dose |
| Complete blood count (CBC) | platelets (PLTs) | one month after second dose |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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HCWs in Assiut University Hospitals accepted to take vaccine
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mariam Elkhayat, lecturer | Contact | 01003708261 | mariam.elkhayat@aun.edu.eg | |
| Taghreed Meshref, lecturer | Contact | 01003651135 | tagreed.meshref@aun.edu.eg |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 32191340 | Background | Spinelli A, Pellino G. COVID-19 pandemic: perspectives on an unfolding crisis. Br J Surg. 2020 Jun;107(7):785-787. doi: 10.1002/bjs.11627. Epub 2020 Mar 23. No abstract available. | |
| 32044451 | Background | Stern PL. Key steps in vaccine development. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2020 Jul;125(1):17-27. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.01.025. Epub 2020 Feb 7. |
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| Complete blood count (CBC) |
hemoglobin level |
| change from baseline at one month after first dose |
| Complete blood count (CBC) | hemoglobin level | one month after second dose |
| Adverse clinical symptoms after vaccine | asking about possible recorded side effects as
| up to one week after first dose |
| 32789505 | Background | Xia S, Duan K, Zhang Y, Zhao D, Zhang H, Xie Z, Li X, Peng C, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Yang Y, Chen W, Gao X, You W, Wang X, Wang Z, Shi Z, Wang Y, Yang X, Zhang L, Huang L, Wang Q, Lu J, Yang Y, Guo J, Zhou W, Wan X, Wu C, Wang W, Huang S, Du J, Meng Z, Pan A, Yuan Z, Shen S, Guo W, Yang X. Effect of an Inactivated Vaccine Against SARS-CoV-2 on Safety and Immunogenicity Outcomes: Interim Analysis of 2 Randomized Clinical Trials. JAMA. 2020 Sep 8;324(10):951-960. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.15543. |
| 24530932 | Background | Haralambieva IH, Salk HM, Lambert ND, Ovsyannikova IG, Kennedy RB, Warner ND, Pankratz VS, Poland GA. Associations between race, sex and immune response variations to rubella vaccination in two independent cohorts. Vaccine. 2014 Apr 7;32(17):1946-53. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.01.090. Epub 2014 Feb 13. |
| 29655624 | Background | Prentice S, Kamushaaga Z, Nash SB, Elliott AM, Dockrell HM, Cose S. Post-immunization leucocytosis and its implications for the management of febrile infants. Vaccine. 2018 May 11;36(20):2870-2875. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.03.026. Epub 2018 Apr 11. |
| 24642659 | Background | von Elten KA, Duran LL, Banks TA, Banks TA, Collins LC, Collins LC. Systemic inflammatory reaction after pneumococcal vaccine: a case series. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2014;10(6):1767-70. doi: 10.4161/hv.28559. Epub 2014 Mar 18. |
| 27490698 | Background | Muturi-Kioi V, Lewis D, Launay O, Leroux-Roels G, Anemona A, Loulergue P, Bodinham CL, Aerssens A, Groth N, Saul A, Podda A. Neutropenia as an Adverse Event following Vaccination: Results from Randomized Clinical Trials in Healthy Adults and Systematic Review. PLoS One. 2016 Aug 4;11(8):e0157385. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157385. eCollection 2016. |