The Effects of Core Stabilization Exercises With Swisball in Stroke Patients

The Effects of Core Stabilization Exercises With Swissball, Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation and Kinesiology Taping in Stroke Patients

Stroke is often associated with secondary complications such as nutritional and metabolic disorders, endocrine dysfunction, mental problems, and cardiopulmonary disorders caused by neurological and musculoskeletal deficits. The absence of the paretic side muscles and the difficulty of movement together with restrictive pulmonary disorders trigger a secondary decrease in cardiopulmonary function and expose insufficient energy associated with gait resulting in a decrease in asymmetric trunk exercise endurance.

Studies have shown that these patients have muscle weakness and delayed activity of trunk muscles, significant loss of trunk position sense, insufficient pressure control center while sitting, decreased trunk performance, and trunk asymmetry during walking. It has been reported that trunk function with balance and walking ability in stroke patients is a useful determinant of daily life activities, balance and walking ability. Balance disorders may be the result of changes in the sensory and integrative aspects of motor control. In the subacute phase, more than 80% of the subjects who have had stroke for the first time have an imbalance in their balance. After a stroke, upper motor neuron damage can cause unconditioned. This results in physical inactivity and decreased cardiorespiratory fitness. Respiratory muscle weakness and changes in thoraco-abdominal motion may be associated with a decrease in tidal volume and lower exercise tolerance.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Unilateral and first time stroke
2. Ability to understand and follow verbal instructions
3. Brunnstrom healing phase being above 3 for lower limbs;
4. Ability to walk 10 m distance independently, with or without a mobility assistant.
5. Patients who can sit on a stable surface for 30 seconds
6. Patients without respiratory diseases or injuries

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Neurological disorders other than stroke that could potentially affect balance and ambulation;
2. Body failure scale score below 10 points
3. Apraxia and hemineglect
4. 80 years and older
5. Orthopedic disorders or rib fracture
6. Patients with neglect syndrome
7. A history of seizures or a family history of epilepsy