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The goal of this longitudinal observational study is to learn about how the COVID-19 has impacted and continues to impact students at the University of Michigan. We hope to determine whether a combination of (1) continuous heart rate obtained from wearable devices, (2) self-reported data from surveys and symptom logs, and (3) saliva samples can be used to help students self-monitor for infection and eventually be able to create a predictive model to detect illness early.
The study was originally intended to last one year, however, it was expanded to follow the study participants over several years.
During this study, participants will be asked to:
The study will use these tools to monitor participants' physical activity and mental health over the course of at least three years. The study will also examine whether there is a connection between mental health and academic performance.
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wearable devices, saliva samples, survey measures | Other | Provide a self-collected saliva sample, download and use the suite of apps (e.g., Fitbit, Social Rhythms, Roadmap 2.0), and answer online surveys. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Feasibility of wearing Fitbit device | Feasibility will will be defined as wearing the Fitbit watch at least 8 hours per day up to at least 5 days of the week | 4 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Survey completion | Completion will be measured by the number of participants who complete the study surveys | Up to 9 months |
| Saliva sample | Analyze samples to determine a possible early prediction/detection model for COVID-19 |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Students at the University of Michigan must be either coming to campus or reside in the United States.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Sung Won Choi, MD, MS | University of Michigan | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Michigan Medicine | Ann Arbor | Michigan | 48109 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 34115607 | Background | Cislo C, Clingan C, Gilley K, Rozwadowski M, Gainsburg I, Bradley C, Barabas J, Sandford E, Olesnavich M, Tyler J, Mayer C, DeMoss M, Flora C, Forger DB, Cunningham JL, Tewari M, Choi SW. Monitoring beliefs and physiological measures in students at risk for COVID-19 using wearable sensors and smartphone technology: Protocol for a mobile health study. JMIR Res Protoc. 2021 Jun 4;10(6):e29561. doi: 10.2196/29561. Online ahead of print. | |
| 34992051 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000086382 | COVID-19 |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011024 | Pneumonia, Viral |
| D011014 | Pneumonia |
| D012141 | Respiratory Tract Infections |
| D007239 | Infections |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000076251 | Wearable Electronic Devices |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D055615 | Electrical Equipment and Supplies |
| D004864 | Equipment and Supplies |
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| Up to 4 months |
| Continuous heart rate | Analyze heart rate data to determine a possible early prediction/detection model for COVID-19 | Up to 8 months |
| Mental well-being | Assess participant mental well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic and if the use of health and well-being applications impacts self-rated well-being | Up to 9 months |
| Background |
| Gilley KN, Baroudi L, Yu M, Gainsburg I, Reddy N, Bradley C, Cislo C, Rozwadowski ML, Clingan CA, DeMoss MS, Churay T, Birditt K, Colabianchi N, Chowdhury M, Forger D, Gagnier J, Zernicke RF, Cunningham JL, Cain SM, Tewari M, Choi SW. Risk Factors for COVID-19 in College Students Identified by Physical, Mental, and Social Health Reported During the Fall 2020 Semester: Observational Study Using the Roadmap App and Fitbit Wearable Sensors. JMIR Ment Health. 2022 Feb 10;9(2):e34645. doi: 10.2196/34645. |
| 39787592 | Derived | Jayaraj G, Cao X, Horwitz A, Rozwadowski M, Shea S, Hanauer SN, Hanauer DA, Tewari M, Shedden K, Choi SW. Trends in Mental Health Outcomes of College Students Amid the Pandemic (Roadmap mHealth App): Longitudinal Observational Study. J Med Internet Res. 2025 Jan 9;27:e67627. doi: 10.2196/67627. |
| D014777 |
| Virus Diseases |
| D018352 | Coronavirus Infections |
| D003333 | Coronaviridae Infections |
| D030341 | Nidovirales Infections |
| D012327 | RNA Virus Infections |
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |