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This proposed study seeks to community knowledge and understand the experience of underserved communities in the exploration of reducing health disparities and increasing vaccine uptake and acceptability COVID-19, influenza, and pneumonia for AA and Latinx populations. Unique in its design, it has the following characteristics: 1) multifaceted, 2) culturally tailored, 3) community-based, and 4) mixed methods in which the outcomes of interest will be measured before and after the intervention with 18-month interval. Furthermore, we seek to enhance our partnerships and collaborations with churches in South Los Angeles by supporting efforts to encourage COVID-19, influenza, and pneumonia vaccination uptake among underserved minorities in one of the most challenged and hard-to-reach population areas in the nation.
This study seeks to augment community knowledge and increase vaccine uptake among under-resourced African American and Latinx communities in South LA via leveraging trusted church leaders, educators and influencers to delivering COVID-19, influenza, and pneumonia education on vaccination. Unique in its design, this study has the following characteristics, beneficial to the acceptability and success of the proposal, it is: 1) multifaceted, 2) culturally tailored, and 3) community-based, in which the outcomes of interest will be compared longitudinally between arms 1-3, including measurement before and after the intervention with 9- and 18-month interval.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arm 1 | Experimental | This arm will include 5 churches who will receive all study activities in the Vaccine Education Promotion Management Plan |
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| Arm 2 | Experimental | This arm will include 5 churches who will receive some study activities in the Vaccine Education Promotion Management Plan |
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| Arm 3 | Experimental | This arm will include 5 churches who will receive all study activities in the Vaccine Education Promotion Management Plan following completion of Arm 1 and 2. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full VEPMP Intervention | Behavioral | Delivery of intrapersonal/interpersonal (i.e., motivational interviewing, vaccine educators, personal testimony, etc.), AND organizational (i.e., church-based sponsored events, seminars, web/online activities, bulletin inserts, etc.) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Prevalence of vaccination uptake for COVID-19, influenza, and pneumonia using Vaccination History Self Report | By comparison of pre-, post- intervention, and 9- and 18-months follow-up data, we anticipate the following compared to baseline: a 30% change in uptake for vaccination. | Intervention: 12 months; Follow-up Point: 9 & 18 months post-intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants Achieving Adherence to COVID-19, influenza, and pneumonia vaccination schedules Risk Using the NIH Toolbox Surveys on COVID-19 | By comparison of pre-, post- intervention, and 9 and 18-months follow-up data, we anticipate the following compared to baseline: a 30% change in adherence to COVID-19, influenza, and pneumonia vaccination schedules. | Intervention: 12 months; Follow-up Point: 9 & 18 months post-intervention |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Mohsen Bazargan, PhD | Charles R. Drew University of Medicine & Science | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Charles R. Drew University of Medicine & Science | Los Angeles | California | 90059 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000086382 | COVID-19 |
| D007251 | Influenza, Human |
| D011014 | Pneumonia |
| D000072758 | Vaccination Refusal |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011024 | Pneumonia, Viral |
| D012141 | Respiratory Tract Infections |
| D007239 | Infections |
| D014777 | Virus Diseases |
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The VEPMP will consist of recruited churches in 15 cohorts of 2 churches per cohort (total n = 30). Each cohort of church will include an AA and a Latinx church. The 15 church cohorts will be randomized to three arms based on a 1:1:1 ratio, using an online random number generator.
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| Partial VEPMP Intervention | Behavioral | Delivery of iAND organizational (i.e., church-based sponsored events, seminars, web/online activities, bulletin inserts, etc.) |
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| Delayed VEPMP Intervention | Behavioral | Delayed implementation of delivery of intrapersonal/interpersonal AND organizational after 1 year of study start |
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| Percentage of Participants Achieving Decreased Vaccine Hesitancy Levels of COVID-19, influenza, and pneumonia Using the NIH Toolbox Surveys on COVID-19, influenza, and pneumonia | By comparison of pre-, post- intervention, and 9 and 18-months follow-up data, we anticipate the following compared to baseline: a 40% change in vaccine hesitancy toward COVID-19, influenza, and pneumonia vaccination | Intervention: 12 months; Follow-up Point: 9 & 18 months post-intervention |
| Percentage of Participants Achieving Decreased Levels of COVID-19, influenza, and pneumonia Mistrust and Barriers Using the NIH Toolbox Surveys on COVID-19, influenza, and pneumonia | By comparison of pre-, post- intervention, and 9 and 18-months follow-up data, we anticipate the following compared to baseline: a 40% change in mistrust and perceived barriers toward COVID-19, influenza, and pneumonia vaccination | Intervention: 12 months; Follow-up Point: 9 & 18 months post-intervention |
| D018352 |
| Coronavirus Infections |
| D003333 | Coronaviridae Infections |
| D030341 | Nidovirales Infections |
| D012327 | RNA Virus Infections |
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D009976 | Orthomyxoviridae Infections |
| D016312 | Treatment Refusal |
| D000074822 | Treatment Adherence and Compliance |
| D015438 | Health Behavior |
| D001519 | Behavior |