The Chinese Version of the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form Questionnaire, Patient Self-report Section: A Cross-cultural Adaptation and Validation Study

The Chinese Version of the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form Questionnaire, Patient Self-report Section: A Cross-cultural Adaptation and Validation Study

Background: The patient self-report section of the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form (ASESp) is one of the most validated and reliable assessment tools. This study aimed to establish a validated Chinese version of ASESp (ASESp-CH).

Methods: A clinical prospective study was performed. Following the guidelines of forward-backward translation and cross-cultural adaptation, a Chinese version of ASESp was established. Patients older than 18 years with shoulder disorders were included. Patients who could not complete test-retest questionnaires within the interval of 7-30 days and patients who received interventions were excluded. Intraclass correlation (ICC) was calculated for test- retest reliability, whereas internal consistency was determined by Cronbach value. Construct validity was evaluated by comparing the corresponding domains between the ASESp-CH and a validated Chinese version of 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36).

Inclusion Criteria:

• [1] patients' age ≥ 18 years
• [2] patients with clear insights
• [3] patients with any shoulder disorders
• [4] patients who are able to speak and write in Chinese
• [5] patients who completed the questionnaires twice at an interval of 7 days to 30 days.

Exclusion Criteria:

• [1] the patient could not complete all of ASESp-CH and SF-36 questionnaires
• [2] the test-retest interval was less than 7 days or more than 30 days
• [3] the patient received interventional procedures, such as shoulder injections or surgery, during the test-retest interval