Under general anesthesia, a one-cm vertical skin incision was done at the medial subcutaneous border of the tibia, one fingerbreadth below the tibial tuberosity. This was confirmed by intra-operative C-arm images. Longitudinal periosteal incision was done with minimal dissection. Incomplete medial transverse osteotomy including both anterior and posterior cortex was performed using drill bit or small thin osteotome.Osteotomy was completed manually by osteoclasis of the lateral cortex to provide postoperative stability by the preserved lateral periosteum. No fibular osteotomy was needed in the present study.

osteotomy osteoclasis of upper tibia

This angle was used for assessment of degree of deformity correction and to follow the presence of under- or over-correction

confirm the absence or presence of any sagittal pro or recurvatum deformities(normal=81±2 degrees)

the investigators asked the parents to rate their satisfaction on a scale from zero to 100 (100 to 75 very satisfied, <75 to 50 somewhat satisfied, <50 to 25 somewhat dissatisfied and <25 dissatisfied).Those who were not satisfied are requested to explain the cause of dissatisfaction.