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This study seeks to estimate the potential efficacy of the study treatment, as well as the occurrence of adverse events.
Non-ablative Cryosurgical Freezing (limited to 1.5 cm diameter single freeze within the cancer (up to two cancer sites selected and treated)) will release intact antigens to prime the immune system. The study treatment immunotherapeutic drugs (PD-1 inhibitor monoclonal antibody Keytruda (pembrolizumab), anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody ipilimumab, and GM-CSF) will then be sequentially injected directly into each of the treated cancer sites immediately following Non-ablative Cryosurgical Freezing. Daily subcutaneous GM-CSF injections will also be administered subsequently. It is speculated that neoantigens released from the cryo-frozen necrotic cancer will be available in the vicinity of the Non-ablative Cryosurgical Freezing field immediately following the procedure. Immature dendritic cells attracted to the injection site will internalize neoantigens to become activated to recognize cancer-specific antigenic proteins. The activated dendritic cells will recruit killer T-cells to the injection site to attack cancer cells, and then migrate through the lymphatic system to sites of metastases, targeting cancer-specific neoantigens and recruiting more killer T-lymphocytes to destroy other cancer cells harboring the precise antigenic epitopes (abscopal (bystander) effect). In this way, dendritic cells are capable of initiating cell-mediated systemic immune response in combination with cytotoxic killer T-cells. Regulatory T lymphocytes, which have been implicated in dampening or halting cell-mediated, antigen-specific immune responses, will be selectively depleted by anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies, intra-tumoral GM-CSF, and GM-CSF. Intra-tumoral injection of the immunotherapeutic medications assists in stimulating and harnessing the local and systemic immune response. GM-CSF prolongs the immune response. Using this combination of therapies, referred to as YourVaccxTM, it is thought that a clinically significant systemic anti-cancer immune response might be elicited. Intra-tumoral injection of drugs will likely offer fewer side effects than systemic therapy.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Single arm. Subjects receiving treatment. | Experimental | Efficacy of Non-ablative Cryosurgical Freezing and Multiplex Immunotherapy as determined by overall response rate of radiographic changes according to iRECIST criteria |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Keytruda Injectable Product | Drug | PD-1 inhibitor antibody |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Efficacy of Non-ablative Cryosurgical Freezing and Multiplex Immunotherapy as determined by overall response rate of radiographic changes according to iRECIST criteria. | Efficacy of Non-ablative Cryosurgical Freezing and Multiplex Immunotherapy as determined by overall response rate of radiographic changes according to iRECIST criteria. | baseline to 8 weeks after end of treatment (approximately 5 months) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Efficacy of Non-ablative Cryosurgical Freezing and Multiplex Immunotherapy as determined by RECIST1.1 criteria | Overall response rate as determined using RECIST1.1 radiographic response | baseline to 8 weeks after end of treatment (approximately 5 months) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) | rPFS as determined with both RECISTS1.1 and iRECIST criteria | baseline to 8 weeks after end of treatment (approximately 5 months) |
| Best overall response of confirmed PR or CR by independent radiology review |
Inclusion Criteria:
Be willing and able to provide written informed consent/assent for the trial.
Be ≥18 years of age on day of signing informed consent.
Have a performance status of 0-2 on the ECOG Performance Scale.
Have a life expectancy of 6 months or more as determined by treating physician.
Have exhausted all other standard therapies; Have failed available therapy or are not a candidate for, or refuse available therapy (i.e. concerned with high adverse events rate in available therapy or outcome worse than disease); or failure of prior chemotherapy.
Histologically-documented solid cancer. All subjects must submit their primary tumor or metastatic pathology specimens and laboratory and imaging reports to ImmunSYS where they will be centrally reviewed. Central ImmunSYS pathologic review is not required for screening but rather for confirmation of diagnosis and histologic subtype of cancer. Local pathologic review is sufficient for eligibility determination.
Measurable disease as defined using iRECIST criteria and identified by radiographic imaging (Imaging should be current within the past three months of subject entering the study; if not repeat imaging must be done prior to enrollment.). In order to be eligible, the patient must have at least one metastatic bone and/or metastatic soft tissue site, lymph node site, and/or bone site with cancer mass measuring 1.5 cm or more in diameter based on soft tissue, lymph node, and/or bone lesions as defined by any of the following:
The effects of the medications in this protocol on the developing human fetus are unknown. Any subject treated or enrolled on this protocol must agree to use adequate contraception prior to the first dose of study therapy, for the duration of the study participation, and for 120 days after the last dose of study therapy.
Their partners will also be encouraged to use proper method of contraception.
Acceptable initial laboratory values within 14 days of treatment initiation according to the following:
ANC ≥ 1500/µl Hemoglobin ≥ 9.0 g/dL(prior transfusion permitted) Platelet count ≥ 100,000/µl Creatinine ≤ 2.0 x the institutional upper limit of normal (ULN) OR creatinine clearance >30 ml/min Potassium ≥ 3.5 mmol/L (within institutional normal range) Bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x ULN (unless documented Gilbert's disease) SGOT (AST) ≤ 2.5x ULN, or <5x ULN in patients with documented liver metastases SGPT (ALT) ≤ 2.5x ULN or <5x ULN in patients with documented liver metastases Albumin >2.5 mg/dL Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) ≤1.5 X ULN unless subject is receiving anticoagulant therapy as long as PT or PTT is within therapeutic range of intended use of anticoagulants ≤1.5 X ULN unless subject is receiving anticoagulant therapy as long as PT or PTT is within therapeutic range of intended use of anticoagulants.
Deviation from these values is allowed at the discretion of the treating investigator.
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Gary Onik, M.D. | ImmunSYS, LLC | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vincere Cancer Center | Scottsdale | Arizona | 85260 | United States | ||
| Florida Endovascular and Interventional |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009362 | Neoplasm Metastasis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009385 | Neoplastic Processes |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| C582435 | pembrolizumab |
| D000074324 | Ipilimumab |
| D016178 | Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor |
| C081222 | sargramostim |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D061067 | Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized |
| D000911 | Antibodies, Monoclonal |
| D000906 | Antibodies |
| D007136 | Immunoglobulins |
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Male or female subjects greater than 18 years of age with histologically-proven metastatic cancer with at least one imaging- or histologically- proven metastases to lymph nodes, bone, or soft tissue.
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| Yervoy Injectable Product | Drug | Anti-CTLA-4 antibody |
|
|
| GM-CSF | Drug | 1 mL injected into each non-ablative cryosurgical freezing zone. Daily injection administered subcutaneously. 250 mcg daily injections for a total of 25 days after each treatment. |
|
|
| Non-ablative Cryosurgical freezing | Procedure | To induce immediate necrosis and necroptosis and a rim of injured cancer cells, thereby exposing a complete range of patient-specific tumor antigens that are specific to the treated subject. |
|
Best overall response of confirmed PR or CR by independent radiology review
| baseline to 8 weeks after end of treatment (approximately 5 months) |
| Time to progression (TTP) based on independent radiology review | Time to cancer progression is measured from the date of first study treatment until the date of cancer progression. | baseline up to 8 weeks after last treatment |
| Overall survival | Number and percent of participants that are alive. | 3 years |
| Incidence of AEs/SAEs | An AE is any untoward medical occurrence in a participant who received study treatment without regard to possibility of causal relationship. An SAE is an AE resulting in any of the following outcomes or deemed significant for any other reason: death; initial or prolonged inpatient hospitalization; life threatening experience (immediate risk of dying); persistent or significant disability/incapacity. Incidence was defined as the number of participants who experienced an adverse event within their period of participation in this study. Incidence of adverse events will be assessed using National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE). | baseline to 8 weeks after the last treatment |
| Severity of AEs/SAEs | Severity of AEs/SAEs | baseline through 8 weeks after the last treatment |
| Duration of AEs/SAEs | Duration of AEs/SAEs | baseline through 8 weeks after the last treatment |
| The time to objective disease progression | Data will be collected for the design of future studies. | baseline through 8 weeks after the last treatment (Safety Follow-Up) |
| Miami Lakes |
| Florida |
| 33014 |
| United States |
| D007162 |
| Immunoproteins |
| D001798 | Blood Proteins |
| D011506 | Proteins |
| D000602 | Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins |
| D012712 | Serum Globulins |
| D005916 | Globulins |
| D003115 | Colony-Stimulating Factors |
| D006023 | Glycoproteins |
| D006001 | Glycoconjugates |
| D002241 | Carbohydrates |
| D016298 | Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors |
| D016207 | Cytokines |
| D036341 | Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins |
| D010455 | Peptides |
| D001685 | Biological Factors |