Molecular monitoring by quantification of cell-free DNA (absolute value and variation from baseline) of two house-keeping genes (RPP30, TMEM11) by droplet digital PCR, during based-immunotherapy treatments of NSCLC patients.

Cell-free DNA will be extracted from 4 ml of plasma before treatments by immunotherapy, obtained from blood Streck® tubes.

Quantification of house-keeping genes (or mutated genes if some are previously routinely identified in tumor tissue) by ddPCR.

The quantification of cell-free DNA is realized by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) using two house-keeping genes (RPP30, TMEM11); if a somatic mutation is identified in the paired tumor DNA in routine practice, this mutation is also quantify in the cell-free DNA from plasma. The quantification of cell-free DNA corresponds to the variation from the time at inclusion and the time at the first radiological evaluation.

The clinical benefit is defined by the duration of treatment by immunotherapy.

The quantification of cell-free DNA is realized by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) using two house-keeping genes (RPP30, TMEM11); if a somatic mutation is identified in the paired tumor DNA in routine practice, this mutation is also quantify in the cell-free DNA from plasma.

The earlier quantification of cell-free DNA corresponds to the variation from the time at inclusion and the time before the second administration of immunotherapy.