Theory of Mind (ToM) is the ability to understand and attribute mental states to ourselves and others. People with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS) could present an impairment of this ability, with negative consequences on their social relationships and Quality of Life (QoL). We aimed to design and implement a novel ToM rehabilitation training, testing its efficacy on the promotion of emotional and mental states understanding, on QoL and on the alexithymia traits.

Inclusion Criteria:

• diagnosis of Relapsing-Remitting (RR), Secondary Progressive (SP) and Primary Progressive (PP) MS;
• age ≥ 18 and ≤ 75 years;
• years of education ≥ 5;
• no change of pharmacological treatment in the 6 months before the enrollment;
• no clinical relapses or use of steroid treatment during 3 months before the enrollment;
• provided informed consent for study participation.

Exclusion Criteria:

• history of nervous system disorders different from MS;
• unstable psychiatric illness, such as psychosis or major depression;
• severe disability with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score > 7.5;
• severe cognitive impairment that would not enable PwMS to answer to questionnaires correctly (i.e. dementia), according to the patient's medical records.