Intravenous lipid emulsions contain a number of biologically active ingredients, but the most important are fatty acids. Different fatty acids can affect a number of different physiological processes in different ways in critically ill patients. Adipose tissue can play an important role in metabolic changes of critical illnesses and in adaptation to stress through structural as well as functional changes Although it is known that serum adipokine and cytokine response changes in critical sepsis patients, the factors affecting these changes and the metabolic consequences of these changes are not well defined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of intravenous lipid emulsions on serum adipokine and cytokine levels in patients with sepsis. Secondly, this is to determine the adipokine and cytokine kinetics in the sepsis process and their relationship with mortality in patients with sepsis.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Diagnosis of sepsis within the last 24 h
• Age above 18 and below 85 years
• Indication of only parenteral nutrition therapy

Exclusion Criteria:

• Planning any different medical nutrition therapy such as enteral nutrition, immunonutrition or oral nutrition
• Hypersensitivity (fish, egg or soy protein)
• Uncontrolled hemorrhage
• Uncontrolled hyperlipidemia
• Severe primary blood coagulation diseases
• Acute pancreatitis
• Acute thromboembolic diseases
• Severe liver failure
• RIFLE stage III and IV renal failure
• Pregnancy or lactation
• Expected stay in ICU not more than 10 days
• Expected survival not more than 10 days

Critically ill patients with sepsis aged 18-85 years given parenteral nutrition therapy