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This is a randomized controlled study examining the effect of telerehabilitation on fine motor performance and handwriting difficulties experienced by children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
It is planned that 40 children between the ages of 6-8 diagnosed with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder and their families will participate voluntarily. An informed consent form, BOT-2 and Minnesota Handwriting Test will be sent to volunteer participants via e-mail. An evaluation session on Zoom application will be held for each participant with the participation of the occupational therapist, child and family. After the evaluation, the participants will be randomized and allocated to study and control groups.
Fine motor skills training will be given to the study group 3 sessions a week. The training will be given on the Zoom application and the duration is 8 weeks. At the end of 8 weeks, the evaluation will be done again with BOT-2 and Minnesota Handwriting Test.
The control group will be evaluated with BOT-2 and Minnesota Handwriting Test for the second time after waiting 8 weeks and will receive fine motor skills training.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention Group | Experimental | First Evaluation - Fine Motor Skills Training - 8 week - 3 session per week - 40 minute per session - Second Evaluation |
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| Control Group | No Intervention | First Evaluation - 8 week waiting period - Second Evaluation |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fine Motor Skills Training | Other | The fine motor skills training program was planned for the areas of difficulty that children with ADHD experience in the fine motor area as stated in the literature (Lavasani & Stagnitti, 2011). The fine motor goals were organized for 8 weeks, each week including a different fine motor area and practicing handwriting. For each fine motor goal, 3 different activities were identified that did not require materials or could be practiced with materials that could be easily found in each child's home. For example, for the fine motor strengthening goal, three different activities were planned for the same purpose with tools such as play dough, nails, and staples (Case-Smith & O'Brien, 2013). The activities determined each week were repeated three days a week in the same way and applied to all children. Within the 40-minute session, each activity was performed for 10 minutes under the guidance of an expert occupational therapist. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Minnesota Handwriting Test | It evaluates six categories, including legibility, form, alignment, size, spacing, and rate | 5 minute |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Bruininks-Oseretsky Motor Proficiency Test- 2 Short Form (BOT-2) | The test has been produced as a motor function assessment tool that can be applied to children in a short time. Fine motor accuracy, fine motor integration, dexterity, bilateral coordination and upper extremity coordination sub-parameters of the test will be applied. | 15 minute |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Gonca Bumin, Prof | Hacettepe University | Study Director |
| Hakan Öğütlü, Msc | Ankara City Hospital Bilkent | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hacettepe University | Ankara | Ankara - Altındağ | 06 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ICF | No | No | Yes | Informed Consent Form | Sep 2, 2020 | Dec 31, 2020 | ICF_000.pdf |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001289 | Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019958 | Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders |
| D065886 | Neurodevelopmental Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
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Participants will be randomly divided into two groups. The same intervention will be applied to the second group after the first group has received intervention for 8 weeks.
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The person making the first and last outcome assessor does not know which group the participants are from.
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