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Bubble tea drinks contain tea and tapioca pearls. Chewing tapioca pearls in bubble tea drinks may increase salivary components. Because of its proteins, inorganic components, and enzymes, saliva plays an important role in the body's defense against bacteria and viruses. This study aims to analyze the effect of chewing the tapioca pearls in bubble tea drinks on salivary C-reactive protein (CRP) and calcium (Ca) levels.
Sixty saliva samples were collected from 15 subjects. The inclusion criterion was 18-25 years of age. The exclusion criteria were receiving medication, using dentures, a history of dry mouth, smoking and systemic disease. In the first week of the experiment, subjects drank bubble tea as the intervention group. In the second week, the same subjects drank tea without pearls as the control group. Each subject drank the bubble tea for 5 minutes per day over 3 days. Saliva samples were collected on the first day before bubble tea consumption (pretest) and on the third day after tea consumption (posttest). Saliva collection was performed in the morning (09:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.) for 1 minute. Salivary CRP levels were measured using an ELISA kit, and Ca levels were determined using a test kit.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| chewing tapioca pearls in the bubble tea drinks | Experimental | In the first week, the subjects drink as much as 100 ml of bubble tea over a span of 5 minutes once a day for 3 days |
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| drink tea without chewing tapioca pearls | Placebo Comparator | In the second week, the subjects drink tea without tapioca pearls as much as 100 ml for 5 minutes per day for 3 days. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chewing tapioca pearls in bubble tea drinks | Other | Saliva was collected on the first day before bubble tea consumption (pretest) and on the third day after bubble tea consumption (posttest); collection was conducted in the morning (09:00 a.m.-12.00 p.m.). |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Salivary C-reactive protein (CRP) level | Salivary CRP level was measured on the first day before chewing tapioca peals in the bubble tea drinks and drink tea. Salivary CRP level was measured on the third day after drink bubble tea and tea without tapioca pearls | 3 days |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Calcium (Ca) level | Ca level was measured on the first day before chewing tapioca peals in the bubble tea drinks and drink tea. Ca level was measured on the third day after drink bubble tea and tea without tapioca pearls | 3 days |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Juni Handajani, PhD | Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada | Yogyakarta | 55281 | Indonesia |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 35387272 | Derived | Handajani J, Kusumajati D, Fathiyah H, Susilowati H, Tandelilin RTC. Quality improvement of saliva by chewing tapioca pearls in bubble tea drinks: a randomized experimental trial: (Study on salivary C-reactive protein (CRP) and calcium (Ca) levels). F1000Res. 2021 Feb 1;10:56. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.28028.2. eCollection 2021. |
| Label | URL |
|---|---|
| Elevated salivary C-reactive protein levels are associated with active and passive smoking in healthy youth: A pilot study | View source |
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In the first week of the experiment, subject chewing tapioca pearl inthe bubble tea. In the second week, the same subjects drink tea without chewing tapioca pearl
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| drink tea without chewing tapioca pearls | Other | Saliva was collected on the first day before drink tea without tapioca pearl (pretest) and on the third day after tea consumption (posttest); collection was conducted in the morning (09:00 a.m.-12.00 p.m.). |
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