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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| University of Birmingham | OTHER |
| Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz | OTHER |
| Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières | OTHER |
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This is a prospective comparative cohort trial taking place during the first year of the Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic in Spain. Chiropractic patients throughout Spain were invited to participate independently of the care received, including patients who had stopped visiting their chiropractors since the pandemic hit. The main exposure variable is the access to chiropractic care services, and the degree of this exposure during the months following initial lockdown phase in Spain. Participants will fill an online questionnaire with self-reported outcome-measures.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| No access | Group not accessing chiropractic care | ||
| Access to care | Group with access to care in a 6 months period. Differences in the degree of access, measured in ranges of numbers of visits, will be used as independent variable within this group. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chiropractic care | Other | Care provided by chiropractors, based on manual therapy, exercise prescription and patient advice/education/reassurance |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pain intensity | Numerical Rating Scale (0-10, 0=no pain, 10=maximum pain) | 6 months |
| Pain duration | Duration of pain symptoms, PREVIOUS to the study, measured in months (up to 3 months, more than 3 months) | 6 months |
| Pain frequency | Ranges: Constant, every day, every week, occasionally | 6 months |
| Pain perceived improvement | Categories: New pain, worsened, no change, improv, gone | 6 months |
| Pain interference | From the Brief Pain Inventory (7 items, 0-10: 0= minimal score, 70=maximal score) | 6 months |
| Pain Catastrophizing Scale | Validated questionnaire (short version 4 items, 1-4: 4= minimal score, 16=maximal score) | 6 months |
| Tampa Scale Kinesiophobia | Validated questionnaire (short version 11 items, 0-3: 0=minimal score, 33=maximal score) | 6 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| General Anxiety Disorder scale | Validated questionnaire (7 items , 1-3: 1= minimal score, 21=maximal score) | 6 months |
| Fear of Illness and Virus Evaluation | Questionnaire (12 items, 1-4: 1=minimal score, 48=maximal score) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Chiropractic patients when the pandemic hit in Spain (March 2020), who consulted a chiropractor for pain as one of the chief complaints (not necessarily the main or the only one)
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Arantxa Ortega de Mues, PhD | Real Centro Universitario María Cristina | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Real Centro Universitario María Cristina | El Escorial | Madrid | 28200 | Spain |
All collected IPD will be shared, the format is yet to be decided.
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| 6 months |