Patients, aged 18 - 90 years, undergoing sphinkeeper operation at the Department of General Surgery at the Medical University of Vienna are enrolled into our study. Primary endpoints is the functional outcome as well as movement, migration and extrusion of sphinkeeper prostheses after implantation by endoluminal ultrasound and manometrical examination.

The Sphinkeeper™ implantation for fecal incontinence is a novel surgical procedure with limited data on its clinical efficacy. Therefore, we aimed to assess the functional outcome following Sphinkeeper™ surgery in patients with refractory FI.

Patients with FI, who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled to our study and received Sphinkeeper™ implantation. Functional outcome and quality of life was evaluated by standard questionnaires before and after surgery. In the routine check-up patients received endoanal ultrasound and anorectal manometry.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age 18 - 90 years, undergoing sphinkeeper operation at the Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna
• Ability and willingness to understand and comply with study interventions and restrictions.
• Voluntarily signed informed consent after full explanation of the study to the participant.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Any physical or mental disorder, which could interfere with the participant's safety during the clinical trial or with the study objectives
• Inability to communicate well with the investigator due to language problems or reduced mental development
• Inability or unwillingness to give written informed consent

Candidates for sphinkeeper operations due to fecal incontinence will be enrolled in this study.

IPD can be shared just in anonymised form in case of an ethical agreement with other researchers.