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Tonsillar tissue is a significant organ for the performing of immune systems in children. The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), is an organelle needed for the care of a stable function of the cells. The purpose of the study was to explore the correlation among ER stress and tonsillar tissue disorders and to explain the structure of diseases related to the immune system.
A prospective study was conducted on 46 children aged who underwent tonsillectomy for chronic tonsillitis or tonsil hypertrophy. Tonsil tissues were evaluated in terms of ER stress markers and apoptosis markers by Real-time PCR and Western blot methods.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chronic tonsillitis | Patients with tonsil sizes grade 1 and 2, and tonsillectomy indications included frequently recurrent tonsillary infection, sore throat, and malodorous mouth problems were accepted as the chronic tonsillitis group. |
| |
| Tonsillar hypertrophy | Patients with tonsil size grades 3 and 4 and tonsillectomy indications included obstructive symptoms such as snoring, open mouth breathing, difficulty in breathing, and swallowing problems were accepted as the tonsillar hypertrophy group. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tonsillectomy surgery | Procedure | The tonsillectomy procedure was performed under general anesthesia using the classical dissection method. Extracted tonsil tissue samples were sent to the medical genetics department in tubes to investigate the ER stress and apoptosis. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Relationship of Endoplasmic Reticulum stress and apoptosis with chronic tonsillitis and tonsillar hypertrophy | Our primary outcome was to evaluate providing that Endoplasmic Reticulum stress and apoptosis reaction performing in chronic tonsillitis and tonsillar hypertropy, which is related with the immune system of children. GRP78, CHOP, ATF6, ATF4 proteins will be investigated in tonsillar tissues to evaluate ER stress index, and bax, bcl2 proteins will be investigated to evaluate apoptosis. | 2018-2020 |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Patients who underwent tonsillectomy surgery aged between 2 and 16 years and who were clinically diagnosed with chronic tonsillitis and tonsil hypertrophy by the ENT clinician.
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selcuk University | Konya | Selcuklu | 42100 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30078231 | Background | So JS. Roles of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Immune Responses. Mol Cells. 2018 Aug 31;41(8):705-716. doi: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0241. Epub 2018 Jul 30. | |
| 25555639 | Background | Onal M, Yilmaz T, Bilgic E, Muftuoglu SF, Kuscu O, Gunaydin RO. Apoptosis in chronic tonsillitis and tonsillar hypertrophy. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2015 Feb;79(2):191-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2014.12.005. Epub 2014 Dec 15. |
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We will share the study protocol after our article has been accepted for publication in a journal.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014069 | Tonsillitis |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010612 | Pharyngitis |
| D012141 | Respiratory Tract Infections |
| D007239 | Infections |
| D010608 | Pharyngeal Diseases |
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Tonsillar tissues were gathered in groups in accordance with their size and analyzed in regards to Endoplasmic Reticulum stress and apoptosis markers by Real-Time PCR and Western Blotting method.
| 34292473 | Derived | Onal M, Kocak N, Duymus F, Bozkurt MK, Elsurer C, Erdur O, Onal O. Relationship of endoplasmic reticulum stress with the etiopathogenesis of chronic tonsillitis and tonsillar hypertrophy in pediatric patients: a prospective, parallel-group study. Mol Biol Rep. 2021 Jul;48(7):5579-5586. doi: 10.1007/s11033-021-06579-4. Epub 2021 Jul 22. |
| D009057 |
| Stomatognathic Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D010038 | Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases |