Neuroplasticity: The Effects of Exercise Training on Cognitive and Affective Functioning of Older People

Neuroplasticity: The Effects of Exercise Training on Cognitive and Affective Functioning of Older People

This study investigates the effects of exercise on older people's cognitive and affective functions, and the possible underlying neurobiological pathways.

Population aging is accelerating. The socioeconomic burden associated with an aging population calls for timely action for promoting brain health. The human brain has the capacity for plastic reorganization through learning and experience. Physical activity could induce plasticity and is important in the prevention of functional decline and increased survival. In this study, the effects of Qigong and stretching exercise on affective and cognitive function among the healthy elderly are investigated. This study is proposed to invite 200 participants (100 in each intervention condition). The investigators acquire data from questionnaires, assessments, neurocognitive tests, magnetic resonance imaging and blood samples at baseline (before the intervention) and post-intervention.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. At least finished primary school;
2. Have normal or corrected-to-normal vision and hearing;
3. Ability to do exercise;
4. Right-hand dominance;
5. Normal cognitive ability as assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Hong Kong version (HK-MoCA).

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Abmormal anxiety or depression mood as measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale;
2. Current diagnosis or history of neurological or psychological conditions, such as substance abuse, psychotic disorders, or affective disorders;
3. Current diagnosis or history of substance/alcohol abuse;
4. Contraindications for MRI scanning (e.g. implanted metal);
5. People who regularly practice any qigong, Tai Chi or similar exercise or meditation within 6 months before study;
6. People who regularly practice moderate to high intensity physical exercise within 6 months before study. The operational definition of 'regular practice' is three times a week or more, at least 30 mins per time for at least 3 months.