A Phase 1 Study of Doxorubicin, CC-486 (5-azacitidine), Romidepsin, and Duvelisib (hARD) for T-cell Lymphoma
A Phase 1 Study of Doxorubicin, CC-486 (5-azacitidine), Romidepsin, and Duvelisib (hARD) for T-cell Lymphoma
Background:
T-cell lymphomas (TCLs) are rare cancers. Many types of TCLs do not develop in the lymph nodes but in places like the skin, spleen, and bone marrow. Researchers want to see if a mix of 4 drugs can help people with TCL.
Objective:
To test if the combination of romidepsin, CC-486 (5-azacitidine), duvelisib, and doxorubicin can be used safely in people with TCL.
Eligibility:
Adults 18 and older with TCL that is newly diagnosed or that returned after or did not respond to standard treatments.
Design:
Participants will be screened on a separate protocol. They may have a tumor biopsy.
Participants will have medical histories, medicine reviews, and physical exams. Their ability to do daily activities will be assessed. They will have blood and urine tests.
Participants will take duvelisib and CC-486 (5-azacitidine) by mouth. They will get romidepsin and doxorubicin by intravenous infusion. They will take the drugs for up to eight 21-day cycles. They will keep a medicine diary.
Participants will have a bone marrow aspiration and/or biopsy. Bone marrow will be taken through a needle inserted in the hip.
Participants will have tumor imaging scans. Some may have a brain MRI and lumbar puncture. Some may have skin assessments.
Participants will give blood, saliva, and tumor samples for research.
Participants will have a safety visit 30 days after treatment ends. Then they will have follow-up visits every 60 days for 6 months, then every 90 days for 2 years, and then every 6 months for 2 years. Then they will have yearly visits until their disease gets worse or they start a new treatment....
Background:
T-cell lymphomas (TCLs) are a heterogeneous group of lymphoid malignancies defined by clonal proliferation of post-thymic T lymphocytes.
Patients with newly diagnosed TCLs are most commonly treated with a CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone)-like regimen, with less than 30% having durable complete responses (CRs). Of the chemotherapy agents used, doxorubicin is the one which was consistently associated with prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in retrospective studies.
Treatment options for the 70% of patients with TCL who relapse are limited and of minimal efficacy; novel treatment strategies are urgently needed.
Many TCL have mutations in epigenetic modifier genes, and histone deacetylase inhibitors such as romidepsin are approved for treatment of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL); however, the overall response rate (ORR) with single-agent treatment is only 20-30%, and improvement in OS was not shown.
Romidepsin and the hypomethylating agent CC-486 (5-azacitidine) acted synergistically in vitro, and showed high clinical activity, with an ORR of up to 79% in some types of TCL.
Many TCLs rely on the PI3K pathway, whether through activation of CD28 through fusions or gain-of-function mutations or by interruptions of the CD28-inhibiting PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint.
Duvelisib is an inhibitor of the PI3K gamma and delta isoforms; in phase I trials it has shown both single-agent activity and synergy with romidepsin for patients with TCL.
As combinations of both CC-486 (5-azacitidine)/romidepsin and duvelisib/romidepsin have demonstrated both adequate safety and clinical efficacy, safety and efficacy of the triplet combination should be explored.
Objectives:
To determine the safety and toxicity profile, maximum tolerated dose (MTD), and the recommended phase II dose (RP2D) of the four-drug combination of CC-486 (5-azacitidine), romidepsin and duvelisib, and doxorubicin, in patients with TCL.
Eligibility:
Patients with histologically or cytologically confirmed newly diagnosed or relapsed/refractory T-cell lymphoma (TCL) defined as follows:
Cohort 2: Untreated patients with any peripheral TCL, not including anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), but including acute and lymphoma subtypes of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL).
Cohorts 1 and 3: Any relapsed/refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma including ATLL and ALCL who have disease after receiving at least one line of systemic therapy, which must include brentuximab vedotin if the disease is ALCL.
Age >= 18 years of age
ECOG performance status of <= 2
Adequate organ and marrow function
Design:
Open-label, single-center, non-randomized Phase 1 study
"3 + 3" design will be used to determine the RP2D of dose-escalated duvelisib with fixed dose romidepsin CC-486 (5-azacitidine) and doxorubicin with two expansion cohorts at the RP2D
Maximum 8 cycles (21-day cycles) of combination therapy
To explore all dose levels, including further evaluation in two dose expansion cohorts, the accrual ceiling will be set at 60 patients
-INCLUSION CRITERIA:
Patients with newly diagnosed (Cohort 2) or relapsed/refractory (Cohorts 1 and 3) T-cell lymphoma (TCL) defined as follows (per 2016 WHO classification):
PTCL from initial diagnosis or recurrence must be histologically or cytologically proven and diagnosis be confirmed by the Laboratory of Pathology, NCI.
For patients without circulating lymphoma cells detectable by flow cytometry, a formalin fixed tissue block or 15 slides of tumor sample (archival or fresh) must be available at enrollment for performance of correlative studies. NOTE: Patients without circulating malignant cells must be willing to have a tumor biopsy if prior tissue or adequate archival tissue is not available (i.e., post-enrollment and prior to treatment).
Disease must be measurable with at least one measurable lesion by RECIL 2017 criteria or with an abnormal clonal T-cell population detectable by peripheral blood flow cytometry.
Age >=18 years
ECOG performance status <=2.
LVEF within institutional parameters as determined by echocardiography.
DLCO/VA Adjusted and FEV1 >=50% of reference.
Adequate organ and marrow function as defined below:
Absolute neutrophil count >= 1,000/mcL
Platelets >= 75,000/mcL
Hemoglobin >= 9 g/dL (regardless of transfusion status)
Total bilirubin <= 1.5 X institutional upper limit of normal (ULN)
AST(SGOT)/ALT(SGPT) <= 2.5 X institutional ULN
Creatinine clearance >= 60 mL/min/1.73 m^2 calculated by calculated using eGRF in the clinical lab
For women of childbearing potential (WCBP): negative serum <= human chorionic gonadotropin ( <=hCG) pregnancy test during screening. A negative pregnancy test is also required within 7 days before first treatment; screening results may be used for treatment if they fall within the required window.
NOTE: WCBP is defined as sexually mature woman who has not undergone surgical sterilization or who has not been naturally postmenopausal for at least 12 consecutive months for women >55 years of age)
Male and female participants of reproductive potential (i.e., not surgically sterile or female subjects who are not postmenopausal), must be willing to use a highly effective method of contraception for the duration of the study treatment and 3 months after the last dose of duvelisib and/or romidepsin and for 6 months after the last dose of doxorubicin, whichever is longer.
For patients that have received allogeneic HSCT, a minimum of 100 days must have elapsed before enrollment. Patients must have been off of immunosuppressive medications for prophylaxis of GVHD for at least four weeks before enrollment.
Ability of subject to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document.
EXCLUSION CRITERIA:
Patients who are receiving any other investigational agents.
Patients in need of immediate cytoreduction.
Chemotherapy or monoclonal antibody therapy within 4 weeks prior to start of treatment (6 weeks for nitrosoureas or mitomycin C); small molecule or radiation therapy within 2 weeks.
Prior lifetime doxorubicin therapy >= 400 mg/m^2.
Prior radiation therapy to chest with fields involving the heart.
Major surgery within 4 weeks prior to start of treatment
History of tuberculosis treatment within the 2 years prior to start of treatment
Administration of a live or live attenuated vaccine within 6 weeks prior to start of treatment, or of mRNA and adenovirus-based vaccines within 2 weeks prior to start of treatment
Patients who have received all of the planned study drugs - i.e., duvelisib, romidepsin, and CC-486 (5-azacitidine) - at any time point during prior treatments for TCL. Patients who have received one or two of the three drugs (alone or in combination) remain eligible.
Patients with previous malignant disease other than the target malignancy within the last 5 years with the exception of basal or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin or cervical carcinoma in situ.
Systemic treatment for acute or chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD) within 12 weeks of the first dose of duvelisib
Cohort 1 (Dose Escalation) only: history of grade 3/4 GVHD
Patients with active acute or chronic GVHD
History or concurrent condition of interstitial lung disease of any severity and/or severely impaired lung function. Pulmonary function testing (PFTs) will be evaluated at screening.
Prior history of drug-induced colitis or drug-induced pneumonitis.
History of chronic liver disease or veno-occlusive disease
History of allergic reactions or known or suspected hypersensitivity attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to duvelisib, romidepsin or mannitol and CC-486 (5-azacitidine).
Ongoing treatment with systemic steroids at a dose higher than 20 mg of prednisone (or equivalent) once daily
Patients with uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, detectable CMV or EBV viral load, and ongoing or active bacterial, fungal, or viral infection requiring systemic therapy, with the following exceptions:
History of inflammatory bowel disease (e.g., Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis), celiac disease (i.e., sprue), prior gastrectomy or upper bowel removal, or any other gastrointestinal disorder or defect that would interfere with the absorption, distribution, metabolism or excretion of the study drugs and/or predispose the subject to an increased risk of gastrointestinal toxicity.
Clinically significant (i.e., active) cardiovascular disease: cerebral vascular accident/stroke (< 6 months prior to enrollment), myocardial infarction (< 6 months prior to enrollment), unstable angina, congestive heart failure (>= New York Heart Association Classification Class II), congenital long QT syndrome, or other serious cardiac arrhythmia including 2nd degree atrio-ventricular (AV) block type II, 3rd degree AV block, or bradycardia (ventricular rate less than 50 beats/min).
Hypertrophic cardiomegaly or restrictive cardiomyopathy from prior treatment or other causes.
Uncontrolled hypertension, i.e., blood pressure (BP) of >=160/95 at screening; patients who have a history of hypertension controlled by medication must be on a stable dose (for at least one month) and meet all other inclusion criteria.
Triplicate average baseline QTcF interval >= 480 ms during screening
Patients taking drugs leading to significant QT prolongation Note: A 5 half-life washout period must have elapsed following the use of these drugs prior to administration of romidepsin.
Concomitant use of rifampin and other strong CYP3A4 inhibitors and inducers within 2 weeks prior to start of treatment.
Inability to receive prophylactic treatment for pneumocystis, herpes simplex virus (HSV), or herpes zoster (VZV).
Other severe acute or chronic medical conditions including psychiatric conditions such as recent (within the past year) or active suicidal ideation or behavior; or laboratory abnormalities that may increase the risk associated with study participation or study treatment administration or may interfere with the interpretation of study results and, in the judgment of the investigator, would make the patient inappropriate for entry into this study
Pregnant or lactating women. NOTE: Pregnant women are excluded from this study because based on findings in animals and its mechanism of action, duvelisib can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. In animal reproduction studies, administration of duvelisib to pregnant rats and rabbits during organogenesis caused adverse developmental outcomes including embryo-fetal mortality. Because there is an unknown but potential risk for adverse events in nursing infants secondary to treatment of the mother with duvelisib, breastfeeding should be discontinued if the mother is treated with duvelisib. These potential risks may also apply to other agents used in this study.