It will consist of four hours of sailing and mindfulness training at the Jordanelle Reservoir. Boats and skippers will be provided by Park City Sailing Association, a non-profit community organization.

SRT will occur on four separate occasions during the summer of 2019. SRT will consist of 4 hours of bowling at a community bowling alley.

This study will be a prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) of Mindfulness-based Therapeutic Sailing (MBTS) versus a standard recreation therapy activity (bowling) among Veterans with psychiatric and/or substance use disorders.

We want to determine if MBTS will result in greater pre- to post-intervention increases in psychological flexibility, as measured by the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ2), than a standard recreation therapy activity (SRT). The scale for each question of AAQ2 ranges from 1 to 7. A larger score means a worse outcome-less flexibility.

We want to determine if MBTS will result in greater pre- to post-intervention increases in state mindfulness, as measured by the Toronto Mindfulness Scale (TMS), than a standard recreation therapy activity (SRT). The scale for each question of TMS ranges from 0 to 4. A larger score means a better outcome-greater curiosity or decentering depending on the question.

We want to determine if MBTS will result in greater pre- to post-intervention increases in positive affect, as measured by the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), as compared to the SRT participants. The scale for each question of PANAS ranges from 1 to 5. A larger score indicates a positive or negative effect depending on the question.

We want to determine if MBTS will result in greater pre- to post-intervention decreases in anxiety, as measured by the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), as compared to the SRT participants. The scale for each question of STAI ranges from 1 to 4. A larger score may indicate greater or smaller level of anxiety depending on a question.