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As a result of glycation of collagen fibers in diabetes mellitus, an increase in thickness and stiffness is observed in the plantar fascia, which is a connective tissue. These changes in the plantar fascia affect the windlass mechanism of the foot, normal range of motion and foot plantar pressure distribution. These biomechanical effects may cause the development of diabetic foot ulcers in the later stages of the disease. We hypothesis that myofascial release technique and kinesiology taping methods have an effect on plantar fascia stiffness and plantar pressure distribution in diabetic patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the immediate effects of the two methods on the stiffness of the plantar fascia and foot sole pressure distribution in diabetic patients.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Diabetes Mellitus Kinesiology Taping Group | Active Comparator | Kinesiology tape will be applied to the left foot of the participants in diabetes mellitus group. |
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| Kinesiology Taping Control Group | Active Comparator | Kinesiology tape will be applied to the left foot of the healthy participants in the control group. |
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| Diabetes Mellitus Myofascial Release Group | Active Comparator | Myofascial Release Technique will be applied to the right foot of the participants in diabetes mellitus group. |
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| Myofascial Release Control Group | Active Comparator | Myofascial Release Technique taping will be applied to the right foot of the healthy participants in the control group. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kinesiology Taping Appliying | Other | Kinesiology tape will be applied to left foot plantar fascia of the participants in diabetes mellitus and control group. During taping, participants will lie in the prone position while the knee joint will be kept 90 degrees of flexion and the ankle joint in a neutral position. A "Palm Shape" taping procedure will be applied to the plantar fascia. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Evaluation of foot plantar pressure distribution | Plantar pressure distrubution (gr/ cm²) on the force platform will be measured. | Change from baseline plantar presure distrubution at following kinesiologic tape appliying and at 30min. |
| Evaluation of stiffness | Stiffness (N/m) of the plantar fascia will be mesured using a digital handheld myometer (MyotonPro, Myoton AS, Tallinn, Estonia). | Change from baseline stiffness of the plantar fascia at following kinesiologic tape appliying and at 30min. |
| Evaluation of decrement | Decrement of the plantar fascia will be mesured using a digital handheld myometer (MyotonPro, Myoton AS, Tallinn, Estonia). | Change from baseline decrement properties of the plantar fascia at following kinesiologic tape appliying and at 30min. |
| Evaluation of creep | Creep of the plantar fascia will be mesured using a digital handheld myometer (MyotonPro, Myoton AS, Tallinn, Estonia). | Change from baseline creep properties of the plantar fascia at following kinesiologic tape appliying and at 30min. |
| Evaluation of relaxation time | Relaxation time of the plantar fascia will be mesured using a digital handheld myometer (MyotonPro, Myoton AS, Tallinn, Estonia). | Change from baseline relaxation time properties of the plantar fascia at following kinesiologic tape appliying and at 30min. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Evaluation of range of motion of ankle | Range of motion of ankle was measured with goniometer | Change from baseline range of motion at following kinesiologic tape appliying and at 30min. |
| Evaluation of foot sole pain |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| İstanbul Medeniyet City | Istanbul | Turkey (Türkiye) | ||||
| İstanbul Medeniyet University |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 24703512 | Result | Ajimsha MS, Binsu D, Chithra S. Effectiveness of myofascial release in the management of plantar heel pain: a randomized controlled trial. Foot (Edinb). 2014 Jun;24(2):66-71. doi: 10.1016/j.foot.2014.03.005. Epub 2014 Mar 21. | |
| 30559242 | Result | American Diabetes Association. 16. Diabetes Advocacy: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2019. Diabetes Care. 2019 Jan;42(Suppl 1):S182-S183. doi: 10.2337/dc19-S016. |
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| Myofascial Release Technique Appliying | Other | Myofascial release technique will be applied (during 5 minutes) to right foot plantar fascia of the participants in diabetes mellitus and control group During appliying technique, participants will lie in the prone position while the knee joint will be kept 90 degrees of flexion and the ankle joint in a neutral position. |
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Pain was evaluated by Visual Analog Scale between 0 (no pain) and 10 (the most severe pain).
| Change from baseline foot sole pain at following kinesiologic tape appliying and at 30min. |
| Evaluation of skin temperature | Plantar skin temperature will be measured by thermal imaging machine (Flir Sistem, ThermaCAM, Sweden) | Change from baseline foot sole temperature at following kinesiologic tape appliying and at 30min. |
| Istanbul |
| Turkey (Türkiye) |
| 23084004 | Result | Bernard V, Staffa E, Mornstein V, Bourek A. Infrared camera assessment of skin surface temperature--effect of emissivity. Phys Med. 2013 Nov;29(6):583-91. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2012.09.003. Epub 2012 Oct 18. |
| 31908942 | Result | Chen TL, Wong DW, Peng Y, Zhang M. Prediction on the plantar fascia strain offload upon Fascia taping and Low-Dye taping during running. J Orthop Translat. 2019 Aug 7;20:113-121. doi: 10.1016/j.jot.2019.06.006. eCollection 2020 Jan. |
| 11427329 | Result | Hicks CL, von Baeyer CL, Spafford PA, van Korlaar I, Goodenough B. The Faces Pain Scale-Revised: toward a common metric in pediatric pain measurement. Pain. 2001 Aug;93(2):173-183. doi: 10.1016/S0304-3959(01)00314-1. |
| 30479528 | Result | Kong PW, Chua YH, Kawabata M, Burns SF, Cai C. Effect of Post-Exercise Massage on Passive Muscle Stiffness Measured Using Myotonometry - A Double-Blind Study. J Sports Sci Med. 2018 Nov 20;17(4):599-606. eCollection 2018 Dec. |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003920 | Diabetes Mellitus |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D004700 | Endocrine System Diseases |
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