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Up to 28% of undergraduate college students report a suspected history of traumatic brain injury. Following traumatic brain injury, college students fail and repeat more courses and have lower grade point averages. Further complicating this problem may be the fact that college students lack knowledge of traumatic brain injury definition, its associated symptoms, and individuals involved in post-injury management. In this project, the investigators propose to compare the use of an established treatment model (i.e., the Dynamic Coaching Model) to a novel protocol (i.e., the Apprenticeship Approach) that includes explicit instruction about traumatic brain injury in college students with this population. The investigators will use a group comparison design to examine the efficacy of this instructional component. This work incorporates findings from educational psychology and speech-language pathology (e.g., the included instructional materials adhere to the principles of adult learning). As such, this work will advance the field's basic understanding of currently recommended treatment components and will systematically examine the effects of incorporating explicit instruction into an existing treatment model.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dynamic Coaching Model | Active Comparator | The Dynamic Coaching Model is an established treatment approach that entails training college students with executive function impairments (e.g., those with a history of traumatic brain injury) to rely on their own executive functions in order to problem solve and reason in real-life situations requiring them to do so (e.g., taking college classes). |
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| Apprenticeship Approach for College Students | Experimental | The Apprenticeship Approach is a novel treatment approach that incorporates explicit education about: (a) traumatic brain injury definition; (b) traumatic brain injury symptomatology; and (c) individuals who may be able to provide assistance to the individual with traumatic brain injury into the existing Dynamic Coaching Model. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dynamic Coaching Model | Behavioral | This is a behavioral intervention which includes metacognitive strategy training and personalized strategy and external aid use training. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in performance on a knowledge questionnaire | adapted from Knollman-Porter et al., 2017 | Up to 6 months (conducted once pre-intervention and once post-intervention) |
| Change in performance on measures of academic achievement | Self-Efficacy Scale (5-point scale) | Up to 6 months (conducted once pre-intervention and once post-intervention) |
| Change in performance on measures of academic achievement | Self-Compassion Scale Short Form (5-point scale) | Up to 6 months (conducted once pre-intervention and once post-intervention) |
| Change in performance on measures of academic achievement | Growth Mindset Scale (5-point scale) | 2 minutes (conducted once pre-intervention and once post-intervention) |
| Change in performance on subjective confidence rankings | Confidence rankings on a 5-point Likert scale for therapy task performance and functional academic task performance | Up to 6 months (conducted once pre-intervention and once post-intervention) |
| Performance on subjective intervention satisfaction rankings | Subjective rankings on a 5-point Likert scale for intervention satisfaction, likelihood to recommend intervention to a friend, and desire to continue intervention. | Up to 6 months (conducted one time in each intervention session; i.e., three times total) |
| Change in performance on a measure of quality of life: QOLIBRI (Quality of Life After Brain Injury) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Arizona | Tucson | Arizona | 85721 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000070642 | Brain Injuries, Traumatic |
| D001924 | Brain Concussion |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001930 | Brain Injuries |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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| Apprenticeship Approach | Behavioral | This is a behavioral intervention which includes explicit education about traumatic brain injury, its symptoms, and individuals who may provide assistance post-injury, metacognitive strategy training and personalized strategy and external aid use training. |
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QOLIBRI (Quality of Life After Brain Injury) |
| Up to 6 months (conducted once pre-intervention and once post-intervention) |
| D006259 |
| Craniocerebral Trauma |
| D020196 | Trauma, Nervous System |
| D014947 | Wounds and Injuries |
| D016489 | Head Injuries, Closed |
| D014949 | Wounds, Nonpenetrating |