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The investigators are evaluating if the use of humanoid robots is an optimal distraction strategy in order to produce positive emotional states and facilitate the diagnosis and to reduce treatment time in pediatric age in emergency situations.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group under Robot treatment | Interaction with the Humanoid Robot for 15 minutes |
| |
| Group involved with medical personnel | Interaction with medical personnel for 15 minutes |
| |
| Control group | Exclusive interaction with the caregiver for 15 minutes |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Robot | Other | The patient interacts with a robot |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Salivary cortisol level | The children's salivary cortisol production was measured over time to obtain a clear picture of the trend of the children's stress level before the emergency medical procedures. | The surveys have been made when children arrived, after their assigned 15-minutes interaction, and twenty minutes before medical physical examination. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Psychological tests | The secondary endpoint was to explore whether and how psychological characteristics of the children, such as temperament and understanding of emotions, affected their emotional responses | The surveys have been made after a 15-minute interaction with the robot or mother or medical staff. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Children in pediatric emergency department
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of L'Aquila | L’Aquila | 67100 | Italy |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 34854814 | Derived | Rossi S, Santini SJ, Di Genova D, Maggi G, Verrotti A, Farello G, Romualdi R, Alisi A, Tozzi AE, Balsano C. Using the Social Robot NAO for Emotional Support to Children at a Pediatric Emergency Department: Randomized Clinical Trial. J Med Internet Res. 2022 Jan 13;24(1):e29656. doi: 10.2196/29656. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006282 | Health Personnel |
| D017028 | Caregivers |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005159 | Health Care Facilities Workforce and Services |
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| Medical Personnel |
| Other |
The patient interacts with medical personnel |
|
| Caregiver | Other | The patient interacts with the caregiver |
|