Genitourinary malignancies such as prostate cancer, renal cell cancer, and bladder cancer in Korean population have been increased due to the aged population and the westernized lifestyles. With the advancement of technologies, studies have found that microbiome not only affects human physiological functions, such as metabolism, immunity, and haematopoiesis, but also plays a significant role in the development and progression of malignancies. However, the investigation of microbiome in urological malignances have been limited and few studies have been reported. Therefore, the investigator tried to evaluate the usefulness of microbiome in detection and monitoring of urological malignancies in Korean population. This study aims to use microbiome in tissue, plasma, stool and urine for the diagnosis, disease progression monitoring and therapeutic response evaluation. This study plan includes building big databases for microbiome of urological malignancies in Korean population.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients diagnosed as urological malignancies (prostate cancer, renal cell cancer, bladder cancer, and ureter cancer)
• Patients who have undergone surgeries due to urological malignancies in Severance Hospital, Sinchon from 2020.10 and 2030.10
• Those who agree to give permission to use their human source information
• Those who agree with this study

Exclusion Criteria:

• Those who do not agree with this study
• Vulnerable participants who are likely to be vulnerable to coercion or undue influence or lack decision-making

Patients who have undergone surgeries with urological malignancies (prostate cancer, renal cell cancer, bladder cancer, and ureter cancer) in Severance Hospital, Sinchon from 2020.10 and 2030.10 were selected.