1-item 10-point scale response. Often used in motivational interviewing sessions to gauge an individual's readiness to engage in certain health behaviors. Higher levels of importance are known to be associated with an increased rate of behavior change.

Duration that participants can hold feet side-by-side stand (heel to toe standing positions) will be measured up to 10 seconds. Minimum value is 0 seconds and maximum score is 10 seconds. Higher value is a better value since it is indicative of participants' ability to hold balance.

Duration that participants can hold semi-tandem stand (heel to toe standing positions) will be measured up to 10 seconds. Minimum value is 0 seconds and maximum score is 10 seconds. Higher value is a better value since it is indicative of participants' ability to hold balance.

Individuals are asked to hold a tandem stand (one foot in front of the other- heel touching toe). The minimum is 0 and the maximum is 10. A higher number is a better outcome.

Individuals are asked to hold a balance position for 10 sections without moving their feet or needing support. This position require standing on one foot. The minimum is 0 and the maximum is 10. A higher number is a better outcome.

Instances that participants can stand from a sitting position will be measured. Minimum value is 0 times. Higher value is a better value since it is indicative of participants' ability to sit-to-stand.

Individuals were asked to mail-in reports of falls every month. Participants reporting a fall at least once are counted as a faller. Minimum value is 0. Higher value is worse value as it is indicative that there were more participants who fell during the year.

The control group participants will take part in study measurements at baseline, 3-, 6-, and 12-months after the benchmark STEADI clinic visit.

Total of all reporting groups

Individuals are asked to hold progressively challenging balance position for 10 sections without moving their feet or needing support. The positions are standing with feet side-by-side, semi-tandem (instep of one foot is touching big toe of the other foot), tandem stand (one foot in front of the other- heel touching toe), and stand on one foot. The minimum is 0 and the maximum is 10. A higher number is a better outcome.

Some participants were unable to complete the physical function assessments which are secondary measures because of their inability to operate the video call despite study staff's support, or because of infection concerns related to COVID to have a supportive personnel near by (requirement from OHSU IRB).

A 7-item scale widely used to measure levels of concern related to preventing falls while doing certain activities. Individuals self-report their concern from not at all concerned (1) to very concerned (4). Minimum value is 7 and maximum value is 28. Higher FES-I scores is a worse value since it has been positively correlated with decreased activities, future falls, and injury.

A 10-item survey that assesses an individual's knowledge, skills, and confidence to manage one's own health and healthcare. There is an algorithm for scoring on a scale from 0 to 100 that corresponds to one of four levels of patient activation. A score of 0/level 1 is disengaged and overwhelmed and a score of 100/level 4 is maintaining behaviors. A higher score is a better outcome.

A list of 30 statements that describes everyday things with a rating from never (1) to always (4) in how often they do each task. The average is taken for a minimum of 0 and maximum of 4. The higher score is a better outcome.

Test leg strength and endurance using a chair with a straight back without arm rests. Individuals are asked to sit in the middle of the chair, place hands on opposite shoulders crossed at the wrists, keep feet flat on the floor, and keep back straight and arms against chest. They are asked to rise to a full standing position and sit back down again for 30 seconds. The number of times an individual comes to a full standing position in 30 seconds is the outcome. Scores range by sex and age-group. For 65-69 year old men, the below average score is under 12 and women is under 11. Higher is better.

Some participants were unable to complete the physical function assessments which are secondary measures (4-stage balance test and 30-second sit-to-stand) because of their inability to operate the video call despite study staff's support, or because of infection concerns related to COVID to have a supportive personnel near by (requirement from OHSU IRB).

The control group participants will take part in study measurements at baseline, 3-, 6-, and 12-months after the benchmark STEADI clinic visit.

A 24-item, 1-4 self-report rating to measure frequency of protective strategies to prevent falling and risky behaviors that facilitate a fall. The average value is calculated with a minimum value of 1 and maximum value of 4. Higher FAB score is a better value since it indicates more consistent fall protective behaviors.

We used mixed-effect modeling to measure changes over time, which includes all participants who have outcome measure in at least one time-point. Thus, the analytic sample in the table below looks different from the participant flow data. We conducted intent-to-treat analysis (including participants regardless of drop out. No list-wise deletion.)

100-point, quantifiable scale determining patient engagement in healthcare. Minimum value is 0 and the maximum value is 100. Higher value is a better value since it is indicative of participant's activation with their healthcare.

We used mixed-effect modeling to measure changes over time, which includes all participants who have outcome measure in at least one time-point. Thus, the analytic sample in the table below differs from participant flow data. We conducted intent-to-treat analysis (including participants regardless of drop out. No list-wise deletion.)

1-item 10-point scale response. Often used in motivational interviewing sessions to gauge an individual's readiness to engage in certain health behaviors. Higher levels of confidence are known to be associated with an increased rate of behavior change.

We used mixed-effect modeling to measure changes over time, which includes all participants who have outcome measure in at least one time-point. Thus, the analytic sample in the table below differs from participant flow data. We conducted intent-to-treat analysis (including participants regardless of drop out. No list-wise deletion.)

1-item 10-point scale response. Often used in motivational interviewing sessions to gauge an individual's readiness to engage in certain health behaviors. Higher levels of importance are known to be associated with an increased rate of behavior change.

We used mixed-effect modeling to measure changes over time, which includes all participants who have outcome measure in at least one time-point. Thus, the analytic sample in the table below differs from participant flow data. We conducted intent-to-treat analysis (including participants regardless of drop out. No list-wise deletion.)

Duration that participants can hold feet side-by-side stand (heel to toe standing positions) will be measured up to 10 seconds. Minimum value is 0 seconds and maximum score is 10 seconds. Higher value is a better value since it is indicative of participants' ability to hold balance.

We used mixed-effect modeling to measure changes over time, which includes all participants who have outcome measure in at least one time-point. Thus, the analytic sample in the table below differs from participant flow data. We conducted intent-to-treat analysis (including participants regardless of drop out. No list-wise deletion.)

Duration that participants can hold semi-tandem stand (heel to toe standing positions) will be measured up to 10 seconds. Minimum value is 0 seconds and maximum score is 10 seconds. Higher value is a better value since it is indicative of participants' ability to hold balance.

The number analyzed differed by time point because of the loss to follow-up and participant withdrawal as indicated in the participant flow data, and participants' willingness and ability to participate in the measurements.

Individuals are asked to hold a tandem stand (one foot in front of the other- heel touching toe). The minimum is 0 and the maximum is 10. A higher number is a better outcome.

We used mixed-effect modeling to measure changes over time, which includes all participants who have outcome measure in at least one time-point. Thus, the analytic sample in the table below differs from participant flow data. We conducted intent-to-treat analysis (including participants regardless of drop out. No list-wise deletion.)

Individuals are asked to hold a balance position for 10 sections without moving their feet or needing support. This position require standing on one foot. The minimum is 0 and the maximum is 10. A higher number is a better outcome.

We used mixed-effect modeling to measure changes over time, which includes all participants who have outcome measure in at least one time-point. Thus, the analytic sample in the table below differs from participant flow data. We conducted intent-to-treat analysis (including participants regardless of drop out. No list-wise deletion.)

Instances that participants can stand from a sitting position will be measured. Minimum value is 0 times. Higher value is a better value since it is indicative of participants' ability to sit-to-stand.

Some participants were unable to complete the physical assessment due to physical limitations, access to a video platform, or a support person.

Individuals were asked to mail-in reports of falls every month. Participants reporting a fall at least once are counted as a faller. Minimum value is 0. Higher value is worse value as it is indicative that there were more participants who fell during the year.

One participant in the MI group had an unreliable reporting of falls due to his unstable memory (ID 1277). Based on the discussion with the Safety Monitoring Council, his data was considered an outlier and removed from the analysis.

The control group participants will take part in study measurements and routine clinical care.

Death

Hip Surgery

Orthostatic hypotension

Inguinal hernia

Urinary tract infection

Heart surgery

Bowel obstruction

Skiing injury

Neurosurgery

COVID

Deep vein thrombosis

Car/bike accident

Shunt in right eye

Hammer toe

R Leg pain

Bladder infection

Gut pain

Cancer removal

Rotator cuff surgery

Nose surgery

Headaches