The aim of this study was to evaluate the tooth movement with and without piezocision with regard to the levels of osteocalcin and cross-linked C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen in the gingival crevicular fluid.

15 systemically healthy subjects requiring extraction of the maxillary 1. premolars with distalization of the maxillary canines were enrolled to the study. Piezocisions were performed on the distal and mesial sides of the right maxillary canines while the left maxillary canines served as controls. Canine distalization was performed via closed-coil springs applying 150 g of force per side by using miniscrews as anchorage. Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected from both mesial and distal sides of right and left maxillary canines at 0, 1, 7, 14 and 28 days. The gingival crevicular fluid levels of osteocalcin and cross-linked C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen were determined by using ELISA. The rate of tooth movement was measured on 14 and 28 days.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Class I, Class II or Class III malocclusion,
• Proclined incisors requiring extraction of the maxillary first premolars with subsequent retraction of the maxillary canines
• No previous orthodontic treatment
• Good oral hygiene and periodontal health (plaque and gingival indices less or equal 1, probing depth less or equal 3 mm, no radiographic bone loss).

Exclusion Criteria:

• having systemic diseases that could affect bone and tooth movement
• smoking

The investigators performing the clinical and surgical procedures, and patients were not blinded. Data assessment was performed by a blinded researcher. Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected and numbered by another blinded researcher.