Sulfasalazine oral 2 x 1000 mg/day

Leflunomide oral 20 mg/day

Methotrexate oral > 10 - 30 mg/ week/ 10 mg/week/ 7.5 mg/week; s.c. 15 (7.5 -25) mg/week

Tofacitinib oral 2 x 5 mg/day/ 1 x 5 mg/day/11 mg/day

Apremilast oral 2 x 30 mg/day/1 x 30 mg/day

Etanercept s.c. 2 x 25 mg /week OR 1 x 50 mg/week

Adalimumab s.c. 40 mg every 2 weeks

Infliximab i.v. 5 mg/kg BW every 8 weeks

Certolizumab pegol s.c. 1x 200 mg every 2 weeks/1x400 mg every 4 weeks

Golimumab s.c. 1x 50 mg every 4 weeks

Abatacept s.c. 1x125 mg/week OR Abatacept i.v. 500-1000mg (adapted to BW) every 4 weeks

Secukinumab s.c.1x 150 mg OR 1x 300 mg every 4 weeks

Ixekizumab s.c. 1x 80 mg every 4 weeks

Ustekinumab s.c. Maintenance dose 1x45 mg every 12 weeks

The DAPSA score determines changes in the disease activity of subjects diagnosed with PsA. DAPSA is a composite score which is calculated from the sum of: number of tender joints (0-68), number of swollen joints (0-66, hips are not taken into account), CRP (mg/dl), subject's assessment of global status of disease activity using VAS (0-10) and patient's self-assessment of pain using VAS (0-10). A value of the composite score DAPSA 0-≤ 4 marks remission, 5-14 marks low, 15-28 moderate and >28 high disease activity

The composite psoriatic disease activity index (CPDAI) assesses disease activity under five domains using well established and validated instruments of PsA disease documentation as proposed by GRAPPA. The domains and the respective instrument are as follows: joint disease (SJC/TJC, HAQ), skin involvement (PASI, DLQI), enthesitis (LEI, HAQ), dactylitis (dactylitis digit count, HAQ) and spinal involvement (BASDAI and ASQoL). Using the instruments and ranges of values, disease activity under each domain is graded as none (0) -mild (1) -moderate (2) and severe (3) giving a range attainable CPDAI scores of between 0 and 15. The CPDAI correlates well with patient and physician global disease activity assessments and is an effective tool that clearly distinguishes those who require a treatment change from those who do not.

An assessment of 66 joints for swelling and 68 joints for tenderness will be made (including the DIP joints of the hands and excluding hips for swelling).

The SPARCC enthesitis score is based on the counting of the presence or absence of tenderness on 16 entheseal sites (eight sites on each body side, respectively): lateral epicondyle, medial epicondyle, supraspinatus insertion into greater tuberosity of humerus, greater trochanter, quadriceps insertion into superior borders of patella, patellar ligament insertion into inferior pole of patella or tibial tubercle, Achilles tendon insertion into calcaneum, and plantar fascia insertion into calcaneum. Tenderness on examination is recorded as either present (1) or absent (0) for each of the 16 sites, summarized in an overall score ranging from 0 to 16. A higher count represents a greater enthesitis burden

The LEI includes 3 entheseal sites on each body side, respectively: lateral epicondyles, medial condyles of the femur, and Achilles tendons. Tenderness on examination is recorded as either present (1) or absent (0) for each of the 6 sites, for in an overall score ranging from 0 to 6. A higher count represents a greater enthesitis burden

The MASES includes 6 entheseal sites on each body side (first costochondral joints, seventh costochondral joints, posterior superior iliac spines, anterior superior iliac spines, iliac crests, proximal insertion of Achilles tendons) and in addition the fifth lumbar spinous process. Tenderness on examination is recorded as either present (1) or absent (0) for each of the 13 sites, for an overall score ranging from 0 to 13. A higher count represents a greater enthesitis burden

The presence of dactylitis will be assessed by counting the fingers/toes with dactylitis.

PASI combines the assessment of the severity of lesions and the area affected into a single score ranging from 0 (no disease) to 72 (maximal disease).

For the BSA assessment of psoriatic skin involvement the size of the subject's hand is used as a scale to estimate the size of the skin surface covered by psoriasis. The subject's palm covers roughly 1% of body's surface area. An involved area of <3% of the skin is considered as mild, of 3 10% as moderate, and >10% as severe psoriasis

The BASDAI consists of a one through 10 scale (one being no problem and 10 being the worst problem) which is used to answer 6 questions pertaining to the 5 major symptoms of AS: Fatigue, Spinal pain, Joint pain / swelling, areas of localized tenderness (also called enthesitis, or inflammation of tendons and ligaments), morning stiffness duration, morning stiffness severity.

To give each symptom equal weighting, the mean (average) of the two scores relating to morning stiffness is taken. The resulting 0 to 50 score is divided by 5 to give a final 0 - 10 BASDAI score. Scores of 4 or greater suggest suboptimal control of disease, and patients with scores of 4 or greater are usually good candidates for either a change in their medical therapy or for enrollment in clinical trials evaluating new drug therapies directed at Ankylosing Spondylitis

The PsAID-12 is a score based on a subject's self-assessment questionnaire and used to measure the impact of psoriatic arthritis on a person's life. The questionnaire comprises 12 numeric rating scale questions covering the following topics: pain, fatigue, skin problems, work/leisure activities, functional capacity, discomfort, sleep disturbance, coping with PsA, anxiety and fear and uncertainty, embarrassment and/or shame, social participation, depression. Each question receives a score from 0 to 10. For evaluation these are weighted by factors and then summarized. The range of the final PsAID-score will be 0-10 where higher figures indicate worse status.

The Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire is based on a subject's self-assessment questionnaire for persons diagnosed with PsA. The HAQ-DI assesses a patient's level of functional ability and includes questions of fine movements of the upper extremity, locomotor activities of the lower extremity, and activities that involve both upper and lower extremities. There are 20 questions in eight categories of functioning which represent a comprehensive set of functional activities - dressing, rising, eating, walking, hygiene, reach, grip, and usual activities. The stem of each item asks for the past week "Are you able to …" perform a particular task. The patient's responses are made on a scale from zero (no disability) to three (completely disabled). Each category contains at least two specific component questions.

The DLQI is a score based on a subject's self-assessment questionnaire and used to measure the impact of the skin disease (psoriasis) on the quality of life of an affected person. The questionnaire contains 10 questions covering the following topics: symptoms, embarrassment, shopping and home care, clothes, social and leisure, sport, work or study, close relationships, sex, and treatment. Each question refers to the impact of the skin disease on the patient's life over the previous week. Each question receives a score from 0 to 3. These are summarized to a final score with a possible range from 0 (meaning no impact on quality of life) to 30 (meaning maximum impact on quality of life).

The ASQoL is a scale based on a subject's self-assessment questionnaire to measure the impact of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) on the quality of life of a diseased person with emphasis on the ability of the person to fulfill his or her needs. It consists of 18 items requesting a yes or no response to questions related to the impact of pain on sleep, mood, motivation, ability to cope, activities of daily living, independence, relationships, and social life. The score range is 0-18. High scores indicate worse quality of life.

SF-36 is a set of generic, coherent, and easily administered quality-of-life measures. These measures rely upon patient self-reporting and are now widely utilized for routine monitoring and assessment of care outcomes in adult patients. The SF-36 consists of eight scaled scores, which are the weighted sums of the questions in their section. The eight sections are: vitality, physical functioning, bodily pains, general health perceptions, physical role functioning, emotional role functioning, social role functioning, mental health. Each scale is directly transformed into a 0-100 scale on the assumption that each question carries equal weight. The higher the score the less disability i.e., a score of zero is equivalent to maximum disability and a score of 100 is equivalent to no disability.

The subject will be asked to place a vertical line on a 100-mm scale on which the left-hand boundary represents "no pain," and the right-hand boundary represents "pain as severe as can be imagined." The distance from the mark to the left-hand boundary will be recorded

Time [days/weeks/month] to restore after lost MDA

Serum cytokines, and molecular characterization of peripheral blood cells (e.g. IL-8 (CXCL8), Calprotectin (S100A9/S100A9). IL-22, lipocalin-2 (NGAL), beta defensin 2 [11], ILC, PBMC)

Observed symptoms (AE) related to reduction (intervention) such as symptoms suspicious of worsening disease activity (flare)

Adverse Event

Adverse Reaction

Serious Adverse Event

Serious Adverse Reaction

Suspected Unexpected Serious Adverse Reaction