Viral hepatitis, especially hepatitis C, is a major public health issue. Nowadays, very few studies in France have evaluated the prevalence of hepatitis C in a psychiatric environment.

In 2019, at the time of new treatments for HCV, it therefore seems essential to update the available data by estimating the prevalence of chronic active hepatitis C in psychiatric population. In addition to an update of epidemiological data, it is of high importance to assess the effectiveness of the care pathway for patients in whom chronic active hepatitis C is diagnosed, including the cascade of care, currently too inefficient despite treatments that are themselves ultra-efficient. Indeed, it is essential that once hepatitis is detected, it is formally diagnosed, then that the patient actually starts care and is adherent to treatment (take his treatment according to the prescription and until the end: this implies that the patient accepts his or her illness and understands the value of the prescribed treatments), to hope to cure the infection.

In this context, the SaPHIR study will allow to test a systematic screening of patients in an adult psychiatric environment, through rapid diagnostic tests (RDT). The objective is to promote the adherence of patients, and to assess possible obstacles in order to optimize the screening (RDTs), diagnosis (confirmation of only positive RDTs by venous sampling) and care management circuits in routine practice. In addition, the study envisages a combined HCV-HBV-HIV screening, taking into account the cross-infection risk (same mode of contamination, same risk population, frequent co-infections, more severe liver pathology in case of co-infection, etc.), thus making it possible to take care of the patient as a whole. The results of the SaPHIR study can ultimately be sent to the French health authorities to improve screening and care circuits, and their coverage by social security.

Participation in the SaPHIR study will be offered to patients admitted to one of the inpatient or outpatient adult psychiatric units of the hospitals participating in the study (around Nantes), provided that the realization of the RDTs will be possible.

1. Cross-sectional assessment of prevalence : evaluation of the prevalence of HCV, HBV and HIV viral infections All patients admitted to one of the inpatient or outpatient adult psychiatric units of the hospitals participating in the study, whatever the psychiatric diagnosis and without age limit, may be included in the study, provided that the realization of the RDTs will be possible. Only patients who will accept the realization of the HCV RDT will be included, in order to be able to respond to the primary objective of the study. The agreement to realize the two other RDTs is optional. However, for patients who already had a HCV serology performed less than 3 months before inclusion, the HCV RDT will not be performed and the data collected for the study will be based on the previous serology.
2. Cohort follow-up of HCV positive patients : evaluation of care pathway and barriers to care for hepatitis C Patients who are included in the cross-sectional assessment of prevalence of the SaPHIR study and having a positive HCV RDT (or positive HCV serology performed less than 3 months ago) will participate in the follow-up of the study.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Cross-sectional assessment of prevalence

   Patients with all the following characteristics can be included:

   • Patient admitted to one of the inpatient or outpatient adult psychiatric units of the hospitals participating in the study
   • Patient accepting the realization of the HCV RDT (or patient with positive HCV serology performed less than 3 month ago)

2. Cohort follow-up of HCV positive patients:

Patients who are included in the cross-sectional assessment of prevalence of the SaPHIR study and having a positive HCV RDT (or positive HCV serology performed less than 3 months ago) will participate in the follow-up of the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Cross-sectional assessment of prevalence:

   Patients with at least one of the following characteristics cannot be included:

   • Minors under 15 years of age (all units involved in the recruitment are adult psychiatry units, for which the minimum age limit is 15 years and 3 months);
   • Pregnant or lactating woman;
   • Participating simultaneously in another interventional research on a drug (so as not to interfere with the biological assays);
   • Not mastering the reading and writing of the French language well enough.
   • Patient placed under judicial protection

2. Cohort follow-up of HCV positive patients Patients who are included in the cross-sectional assessment of prevalence of the SaPHIR study, with negative RDT HCV (or negative HCV serology performed less than 3 months ago) cannot participate in the follow-up of the study.