Many perioperative factors have been pointed out as the risk factors for postoperative cognitive dysfunction, which may occur immediately after the surgery, days after the surgery, or months after the surgery. Quick mild cognitive impairment screen (Qmci) is a sensitive and specific test to differentiate mild postoperative cognitive dysfunction. However, the learning effect have been raised as a bias when we repeated the same test for one person at different timing. Thus the study is designed to collected the Normative Data in series for the Qmci-TW in a Taiwanese Sample.

Inclusion Criteria:

• adults no less than 20years old

Exclusion Criteria:

• pregnant women
• patients with respiratory failure [forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1)/ forced vital capacity (FVC) < 70 % and FEV1 < 50%]
• patients with heart failure(NYHA score =III、IV)
• patients with chronic kidney disease (eGFR< 60 ml.min-1.1.73m-2)
• patients with liver failure
• patients with ongoing infection
• patients have surgery or hospital admission in the past half year

Normative taiwan people