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Objectives: Assess the efficacy of multiple dose oral administration of Saltikva, an attenuated strain of Salmonella Typhimurium expressing IL-2, in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer on standard chemotherapy (either FOLFIRINOX or Gemcitabine/Abraxane and Saltikva).
Study Rationale: The addition of Saltikva to the standard of care regimen for Stage IV metastatic pancreatic cancer will significantly prolong the overall survival and prolong the time to disease progression.
Patient Population: unresectable, metastatic pancreatic cancer patients 18 years of age or older
The study agent is Saltikva, an attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium containing the gene for human IL-2 (Salmonella-IL2). Salmonella is a human pathogen typically spread via contaminated water supplies or foodstuffs. After ingestion, these bacteria invade the intestinal mucosa and colonize the gut associated lymphoid tissues, the liver, and the spleen. If pathogenic, symptoms persist for 7 to 14 days. These organisms are thought to be facultative intracellular parasites, which can persistently infect the endothelium, kupfer cells, and parenchymal cells of the liver for up to 12 weeks. The liver is considered a 'safe-site' for Salmonella as the preferred organ of residence after infection. The carrier state is eventually eradicated by the stimulation of cell-mediated and secretory immunity. Saltikva is a Salmonella based cancer therapeutic that has been genetically altered so it is incapable of causing any disease and is unable to mutate to a wild-type form of Salmonella, thus can never become pathogenic or harm anyone. Furthermore, Saltikva has been shown to preferentially invade and colonize within solid tumor tissues at a ratio of 1,000-10,000:1 over the normal 'safe-sites' of the liver. In addition, the Salmonella of Saltikva carries the gene for a powerful anti-cancer immune stimulant, Interleukin-2. Thus, Saltikva's mode of action is to invade and colonize solid tumors after oral ingestion, release a powerful immune stimulant directly within the tumor microenvironment thus avoiding systemic side effects, and imparts an immunologic mediated cancer cell kill.
Hypothesis: The addition of Saltikva to the standard of care regimen for Stage IV metastatic pancreatic cancer will significantly prolong the overall survival and prolong the time to disease progression.
Rationale for study design Two standard of care chemotherapeutic regimens are used for pancreatic cancer, namely, FOLFIRINOX and a Gemcitabine-based regimen. Despite these regimens, the median survival from Stage 4 metastatic pancreas cancer is 11.1 and 6.8 months, respectively. Oncologists choose these regimens based on the assessment of which regimen will be tolerated by the individual patients the FOLFIRINOX regimen is significantly more toxic and not as well tolerated as a gemcitabine based regimen.
Because of the significant lethality of metastatic pancreatic cancer and numerous studies conducted world wide with the two chemotherapeutic strategies that will be used in this trial, the investigators will use historical controls as comparison to the study arms in this trial. Furthermore, because the outcomes of chemotherapy only in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer has been well documented, the investigators do not see the need for a control arm in this study. Lastly, although the patient numbers are small, the preliminary data is quite promising, and it would be considered unethical to have a control arm in this study.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Saltikva with FOLFIRINOX | Experimental | 30 patients will be enrolled to receive standard of care FOLFIRINOX with oral Salmonella-IL2 (Dose 10-9) every 2 weeks for 2 years |
|
| Saltikva with Gemcitabine/Abraxane | Experimental | 30 patients will be enrolled to receive standard of care Gemcitabine/Abraxane with oral Salmonella-IL2 (Dose: 10-9) every 3 weeks for 2 years |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salmonella-IL2 | Drug | Phase 2 study to determine the anti-tumor effectiveness of Salmonella-IL2 (Saltikva) with standard of care chemotherapy (either FOLFIRINOX or Gemcitabine/Abraxane) for metastatic pancreatic cancer |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Overall Survival | Survival from diagnosis to death from metastatic pancreatic cancer (months) | 24 months |
| Progression Free Survival | Survival from diagnosis to progression of metastatic pancreatic cancer (months) | 24 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Biological response | Determination of CA19-9 levels (units per millimeter) | 24 months |
| Radiologic response | Degree of tumor regression as determined by serial radiologic imaging (CT Scan, PET Scan, and/or MRI - percent change of tumor(s) volume (cubic millimeters) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Gerald Batist, MD | McGill University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Segal Cancer Centre/ Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hosptial | Montreal | Quebec | H3T 1E2 | Canada |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41591505 | Derived | Batist G, Kavan P, Augustin L, Schottel J, Moradian J, Lee JT, Saltzman D. A phase 2 study of orally administered live biotherapeutic salmonella-IL2 with FOLFIRINOX for stage IV pancreatic cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2026 Jan 27;75(2):60. doi: 10.1007/s00262-026-04307-0. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010190 | Pancreatic Neoplasms |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004067 | Digestive System Neoplasms |
| D009371 | Neoplasms by Site |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
| D004701 | Endocrine Gland Neoplasms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| C000627770 | folfirinox |
| D000093542 | Gemcitabine |
| D000068196 | Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
| D003841 | Deoxycytidine |
| D003562 | Cytidine |
| D011741 | Pyrimidine Nucleosides |
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Design and Investigational Plan: Open-label, phase II, two arm, interventional, prospective, non-randomized multiple dose study in unresectable, metastatic pancreatic cancer patients 18 years of age or older
Subject Number: 60 (30 per arm)
Study Duration: 24 months per patient or when the patient ceases to be administered chemotherapy; whichever comes first
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|
| FOLFIRINOX Alone (Historical Controls) | Drug | We will use historical data from the literature to compare FOLFIRINOX alone against the FOLFIRINOX with Salmonella-IL2 group |
|
| Gemcitabine/Abraxane Alone (Historical Controls) | Drug | We will use historical data from the literature to compare Gemcitabine/Abraxane alone against the Gemcitabine/Abraxane with Salmonella-IL2 group |
|
| 24 months |
| D004066 |
| Digestive System Diseases |
| D010182 | Pancreatic Diseases |
| D004700 | Endocrine System Diseases |
| D011743 |
| Pyrimidines |
| D006573 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring |
| D017239 | Paclitaxel |
| D043823 | Taxoids |
| D043822 | Cyclodecanes |
| D003516 | Cycloparaffins |
| D006840 | Hydrocarbons, Alicyclic |
| D006844 | Hydrocarbons, Cyclic |
| D006838 | Hydrocarbons |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D004224 | Diterpenes |
| D013729 | Terpenes |
| D000418 | Albumins |
| D011506 | Proteins |
| D000602 | Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins |