Identification of Clostridium Butyricum and Clostridium Neonatal in the Digestive Microbiota of Premature Infants Before 34 Weeks and Developing or Not Ulcerative Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) During Hospitalization

Qualitative and Quantitative Identification of Clostridium Butyricum and Clostridium Neonatal in the Digestive Microbiota of Premature Infants Before 34 Weeks and Developing or Not Ulcerative Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) During Their Hospitalization in Neonatology

The study investigators hypothesize that Clostridium butyricum and Clostridium neonatal will be more frequently found in the stool of preterm infants with ulcerative necrotizing enterocolitis compared to healthy matched control infants. Systematic daily samples should show that the kinetics of colonization precedes the onset of the pathology. Finally, the systematic ecological survey at the time of infection could help understand the mode of acquisition and transmission of these bacteria.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Premature newborn with a term of birth ≤ 34 weeks of gestation admitted to the neonatology department at the CHU of Nîmes.
• Affiliated or beneficiary of a health insurance plan.
• Newborn whose parents received informed information about the study and did not express their opposition to their child's participation in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Newborn with malformative digestive pathology
• Newborn baby participating in another category 1 trial