Ramipril in Pediatric Patients on Hemodialysis

Impact of Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitor on Pediatric Hemodialysis Patients

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of Ramipril in pediatric patients on regular hemodilaysis

Evaluate the effect of Ramipril on blood pressure, heart rate, Endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory markers in pediatric patients on regular hemodilaysis and the correlation of response with ACE I/D polymorphisms.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients < 16 years old
• Patients who have been on regular HD for 6 months or longer
• Hypertension at enrollment

Exclusion Criteria:

• History of active connective tissue disease
• Acute infection within 1 month prior to the study
• Advanced liver disease
• Gastrointestinal dysfunction requiring parental nutrition or active malignancy
• Use of medications such as immunosuppressive drugs within 1 month prior to the study
• Use of anti-inflammatory medications
• Use of vitamin E at a dose higher than 60 IU per day or vitamin C higher than 500 mg per day
• History of myocardial infarction or cerebrovascular event within 3 months prior to the study
• History of ACE inhibitor-associated angioedema
• Inability to discontinue ACE inhibitors or ARBs