HEADS: UP online is a group-based mindfulness course with an accompanying text-based manual. HEADS: UP comprises 9 x 2.5 hour mindfulness sessions, which incorporate a 30-minute break. A 6-hour silent retreat is offered in week 7. A follow-up session will be offered 6 - 8 weeks after the end of the course. Course materials include accessible information packs delivered weekly, electronically, and CD/audio resources to complement the sessions. The accompanying text-based manual will be delivered 'up front' (hard copy and electronic). A summary email and reminder of personal practice will be sent to participants after each session, including links to audio resources complementing class-based sessions. Signposting to other resources and media, including sites with downloadable voice files e.g. Mindfulness Scotland will be included.

HEADS: UP online is a group-based mindfulness course with an accompanying text-based manual. HEADS: UP comprises 9 x 2.5 hour mindfulness sessions, which incorporate a 30-minute break. A 6-hour silent retreat is offered in week 7. A follow-up session will be offered 6 - 8 weeks after the end of the course. Course materials include accessible information packs delivered weekly, electronically, and CD/audio resources to complement the sessions. The accompanying text-based manual will be delivered 'up front' (hard copy and electronic). A summary email and reminder of personal practice will be sent to participants after each session, including links to audio resources complementing class-based sessions. Signposting to other resources and media, including sites with downloadable voice files e.g. Mindfulness Scotland will be included.

The Beck Depression Inventory 11 (BDI-II) is a 21 items self-report scale to assess the intensity of depression. Each item is a list of four statements arranged in increasing severity about a symptom of depression. Score range between 0-63 with higher score indicating greater severity. Normally completed in 5-10 minutes.

The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) is a self-report 21-item scale for measuring anxiety. The questions ask about symptoms of anxiety the subject has had during the past week. Each question is scored between 0 (mild) and 3 (severe) and a total score will vary between 0-63. Higher scores indicate more severe anxiety symptoms.

The DASS is a set of three self-report scales designed to measure depression, anxiety and stress. Each of the three DASS scales contains 14 items, divided into subscales of 2-5 items with similar content. The Depression scale assesses dysphoria, hopelessness, devaluation of life, self-deprecation, lack of interest/involvement, anhedonia, and inertia. The Anxiety scale assesses autonomic arousal, skeletal muscle effects, situational anxiety, and subjective experience of anxious affect. The Stress scale is sensitive to levels of chronic non-specific arousal. It assesses difficulty relaxing, nervous arousal, and being easily upset/agitated, irritable/over-reactive and impatient. Subjects are asked to use 4-point severity/frequency scales to rate the extent to which they have experienced each state over the past week. Scores for Depression, Anxiety and Stress are calculated by summing the scores for the relevant items.

The 5-level EQ-5D version (EQ-5D-5L) comprises five dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. Each dimension has 5 levels: no problems, slight problems, moderate problems, severe problems and extreme problems. The patient is asked to indicate his/her health state by ticking the box next to the most appropriate statement in each of the five dimensions. This decision results in a 1-digit number that expresses the level selected for that dimension. The digits for the five dimensions can be combined into a 5-digit number that describes the patient's health state.