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The main objective of the study was to determine the effect of using crochet octopus in order to reduce the acute pain developed during the process of heel lance in neonates.
The hypothesis of the study was "Crochet octopus is rather effective in reducing the acute pain in heel lance process for neonates".
The study was conducted as randomized controlled. It included term neonates born between May 2020 and August 2020 at a training and research hospital. The study was completed with 100 neonates in total as 50 for experiment and 50 for control groups. During the process of heel lance, experiment group neonates were delivered crochet octopus 10 minutes before the process and let them touch the octopus 10 minutes more after the process. Control group neonates experienced the process without any intervention. As for the data collection, "Newborn Identification Form", "Neonatal-Infant Pain Scale (NIPS)" and "Observation Form" were utilized. The whole process was video-recorded.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental Group | Experimental | Crochet octopus was delivered to the hands of the neonates in the experimental group 10 minutes before heel lance process and they were contacted with the crochet octopus up to 10 minutes after the procedure. |
|
| Control Group | No Intervention | Control group neonates were performed all the process without delivering them any crochet octopus. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| crochet octopus | Device | Delivering crochet octopus to the hands of the neonates |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Neonate Infant Pain Scale Score | Neonate Infant Pain Scale score calculated before, durring and after heel lance procedure whom neonates delivered crochet octopus and not delivered crochet octopus. It is a 6-itemed scale developed to assess the pain occuring due to interventions implemented to term and premature infants. The scoring of the scale was realized by assessing five behavioral classification (mimics, crying, movements of arms and legs, wakefulness state) and one physological parameter (type of respiration). It needs too much time and is difficult to assess intubated infants. It is suitable for painful conditions of non-intubated infants . Total score calculated. The lowest score of the scale is 0; the highest one is 7 and 3+ score shows the presence of pain. | Before the procedure (0th minute), during the procedure, after the procedure (2nd and 10th minutes) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Duration of Crying | Duration of crying counted before, durring and after heel lance procedure whom neonates delivered crochet octopus and not delivered crochet octopus. | Before the procedure (0th minute), during the procedure, after the procedure (2nd and 10th minutes) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Cagri Covener Ozcelik, PhD | Marmara University | Study Chair |
| Özge Eren, MSN | Marmara University | Principal Investigator |
| Nagihan Sabaz, MSN | Marmara University | Principal Investigator |
| Muhammet Bulut, MD | Giresun University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Giresun University Women and Children's Hospital | Giresun | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 26242287 | Background | Abbasoglu A, Cabioglu MT, Tugcu AU, Ince DA, Tekindal MA, Ecevit A, Tarcan A. Acupressure at BL60 and K3 Points Before Heel Lancing in Preterm Infants. Explore (NY). 2015 Sep-Oct;11(5):363-6. doi: 10.1016/j.explore.2015.07.005. Epub 2015 Jul 3. | |
| 27315487 | Background | Akcan E, Polat S. Comparative Effect of the Smells of Amniotic Fluid, Breast Milk, and Lavender on Newborns' Pain During Heel Lance. Breastfeed Med. 2016 Aug;11(6):309-314. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2015.0174. Epub 2016 Jun 17. |
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Experimental Group | Crochet octopus was delivered to the hands of the neonates in the experimental group 10 minutes before heel lance process and they were contacted with the crochet octopus up to 10 minutes after the procedure. |
| FG001 | Control Group | Control group neonates were performed all the process without delivering them any crochet octopus. |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study |
|
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Experimental Group | All neonates who was delivered to the hands crochet octopus during data collection process |
| BG001 | Control Group | All neonates who was not delivered to the hands crochet octopus during data collection process |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
|
| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Customized | Median |
| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Neonate Infant Pain Scale Score | Neonate Infant Pain Scale score calculated before, durring and after heel lance procedure whom neonates delivered crochet octopus and not delivered crochet octopus. It is a 6-itemed scale developed to assess the pain occuring due to interventions implemented to term and premature infants. The scoring of the scale was realized by assessing five behavioral classification (mimics, crying, movements of arms and legs, wakefulness state) and one physological parameter (type of respiration). It needs too much time and is difficult to assess intubated infants. It is suitable for painful conditions of non-intubated infants . Total score calculated. The lowest score of the scale is 0; the highest one is 7 and 3+ score shows the presence of pain. | Posted | Median | Inter-Quartile Range | score on a scale | Before the procedure (0th minute), during the procedure, after the procedure (2nd and 10th minutes) |
|
No adverse event data were collected
According to the literature heel lance procedure has not serious adverse events and mortality rate
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Experimental Group | Crochet octopus was delivered to the hands of the neonates in the experimental group 10 minutes before heel lance process and they were contacted with the crochet octopus up to 10 minutes after the procedure. |
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| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dr. Çağrı Çövener Özçelik | Marmara University Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Pediatric Nursing | 009-0216-777-57-00 | 5773 | ccovener@gmail.com |
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot_SAP | Yes | Yes | No | Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan | May 1, 2020 | Apr 3, 2021 | Prot_SAP_000.pdf |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000073818 | Pain, Procedural |
| D010146 | Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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Randomized controlled study
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| BG002 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| days |
|
| Sex: Female, Male | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| Race and Ethnicity Not Collected | Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant. | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| Region of Enrollment | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| Neonatal Infant Pain Score | It is a 6-itemed scale developed to assess the pain occuring due to interventions implemented to term and premature infants. The scoring of the scale was realized by assessing five behavioral classification (mimics, crying, movements of arms and legs, wakefulness state) and one physological parameter (type of respiration). It needs too much time and is difficult to assess intubated infants. It is suitable for painful conditions of non-intubated infants. The lowest score of the scale is 0; the highest one is 7 and 3+ score shows the presence of pain. | Median | Inter-Quartile Range | scale score |
|
Crochet octopus was delivered to the hands of the neonates in the experimental group 10 minutes before heel lance process and they were contacted with the crochet octopus up to 10 minutes after the procedure.
| OG001 | Control Group | Control group neonates were performed all the process without delivering them any crochet octopus. |
|
|
|
| Secondary | Duration of Crying | Duration of crying counted before, durring and after heel lance procedure whom neonates delivered crochet octopus and not delivered crochet octopus. | Posted | Median | Inter-Quartile Range | second | Before the procedure (0th minute), during the procedure, after the procedure (2nd and 10th minutes) |
|
|
|
| 0 |
| 0 |
| 0 |
| 0 |
| 0 |
| 0 |
| EG001 | Control Group | Control group neonates were performed all the process without delivering them any crochet octopus. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
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| After procedure (2nd min) |
|
| After procedure (10 th min) |
|