The study is focused on the possible improving effect of N-acetylcysteine on nephropathy of type-2 diabetic patients.

Study design: Prospective clinical based study. The aim of this work is to study the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on proteinuria and on the serum level of lipoprotein a (LPa) in diabetes induced nephropathy in type-2 diabetic patients.

This study will be carried on 60 participants with Type 2 Diabetes with age over 20 years.

Participants will be classified into two groups:

1. Group I (Interventional): treated with (NAC) dose of 1200 mg/day for two months in conjunction with conventional treatment.
2. Group II (Non-interventional): control group receive conventional treatment.

All patients will undergo the following:

1. Full medical history will be taken.
2. Laboratory investigations as follows:

Blood samples will be collected for analysis after overnight fasting at the beginning and after 2 months of the study for determination of:

1. Total cholesterol (T-chol).
2. Plasma triglycerides (TG).
3. High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C).
4. Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).
5. Fasting blood sugar.
6. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN).
7. Serum creatinine (SCr).
8. Urine analysis.
9. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).
10. Lipoprotein (a). In addition, blood pressure will be measured for 24 hr.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Confirmed diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus.
2. Age over 20 years.
3. Patients with proteinuria ≥ 30 mg /dl.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients on lipid lowering medications.
2. Cigarette smokers.
3. Presence of liver and heart diseases.

All participants,investigators, care providers, and outcome assessor have knowledge of the interventions assigned to individual participants.