Italian Translation of the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire

Italian Translation and Cross-cultural Adaptation of the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire

Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) are important clinical items for evaluating injuries and recovery of the hand. Some of the most used Questionnaires, unfortunately, are not available in Italian.

Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) are important clinical items for evaluating injuries and recovery of the hand. Some of the most used Questionnaires, unfortunately, are not available in Italian. This poses a problem when evaluating Italian speaking patients. Our aim is to develop a culturally adapted Italian version of the Michigan Hand Questionnaire. There is no risk involved for the patients, as the task of the recruited patients is to answer a survey (online and in clinics).

Inclusion Criteria:

• age > 18 years
• native Italian speakers
• wrist/hand pathology
• trauma (fractures, tendon injuries, etc.)
• chronic pathology, the pathology has been present for at least 1 month (tenosynovitis, chronic arthrosis pain, rheumatic hand or wrist disorders)
• in case of hand/wrist surgery: at least 4 weeks have elapsed since surgery to avoid that the patient could not perform certain actions evaluated by the scale, for example lifting a pan or shopping bags, due to normal post-operative precautions.
• full possession of mental capacity

Exclusion Criteria:

• age < 18 years
• non-native Italian speakers of Italian, thus also excluding second generation Swiss Italians ("secundo")
• mental incapacity
• upper limb in cast/locked by splint (criterion in Chung's article 98) at the time of the evaluation