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The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of prolonged shivering thermogenesis on glucose homeostasis in overweight/obese humans.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cold acclimation arm | Experimental | An oral glucose tolerance test will be performed on day 1 of the study. The next day (day 2), subjects will be exposed to shivering thermogenesis for at least 1 hour. The day after, an oral glucose tolerance test will be performed (day 3). The following 9 days, subjects will be exposed daily to shivering thermogenesis for at least 1 hour (day 4-12). On the last day (day 13), an oral glucose tolerance test will be performed. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cold exposure | Other | Subjects will be exposed to shivering thermogenesis for at least 1 hour for 10 days |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| area under the curve (AUC) of the glucose tolerance test | area under the curve (AUC) of the glucose tolerance test before cold exposure, 1 day after cold exposure and after 9 consecutive days of cold exposure. | 1 day following cold exposure and following 9 consecutive days of cold exposure |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| skeletal muscle GLUT4 translocation | Comparison between skeletal muscle GLUT4 translocation, as assessed by wide-field microscopy both before and after cold acclimation | 1 day following cold exposure and following 9 consecutive days of cold exposure |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Insulin sensitivity | Comparison between insulin sensitivity as estimated from the insulin and glucose concentrations during the OGTT both before and after cold acclimation. | 1 day following cold exposure and following 9 consecutive days of cold exposure |
| Heart rate |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Wouter van Marken Lichtenbelt, Prof. | Maastricht University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maastricht University | Maastricht | Limburg | 6229ER | Netherlands |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 39643644 | Derived | Sellers AJ, van Beek SMM, Hashim D, Baak R, Pallubinsky H, Moonen-Kornips E, Schaart G, Gemmink A, Jorgensen JA, van de Weijer T, Kalkhoven E, Hooiveld GJ, Kersten S, Hesselink MKC, Schrauwen P, Hoeks J, van Marken Lichtenbelt WD. Cold acclimation with shivering improves metabolic health in adults with overweight or obesity. Nat Metab. 2024 Dec;6(12):2246-2253. doi: 10.1038/s42255-024-01172-y. Epub 2024 Dec 6. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009765 | Obesity |
| D003924 | Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D050177 | Overweight |
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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a single arm, longitudinal study (10-day intermittent shivering exposure) in a pre-post design
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Comparison between heart rate during cold exposure both before and after cold acclimation |
| 1 day following cold exposure and following 9 consecutive days of cold exposure |
| Blood pressure | Comparison between blood pressure during cold exposure both before and after cold acclimation | 1 day following cold exposure and following 9 consecutive days of cold exposure |
| Energy expenditure | Comparison between energy expenditure as assessed by indirect calorimetry both before and after cold acclimation | 1 day following cold exposure and following 9 consecutive days of cold exposure |
| Substrate oxidation | Comparison between substrate oxidation as assessed by indirect calorimetry both before and after cold acclimation | 1 day following cold exposure and following 9 consecutive days of cold exposure |
| Plasma substrates | Comparison between plasma substrates change during cold acclimation (including insulin, FFA, glucose) both before and after cold acclimation | 1 day following cold exposure and following 9 consecutive days of cold exposure |
| Plasma hormones | Comparison between plasma hormones change during cold acclimation (including insulin, FFA, glucose) both before and after cold acclimation | 1 day following cold exposure and following 9 consecutive days of cold exposure |
| Skeletal muscle intramyocellular substrate content | Comparison between skeletal muscle intramyocellular substrate content both before and after cold acclimation | 1 day following cold exposure and following 9 consecutive days of cold exposure |
| Protein expression in skeletal muscle | Comparison between protein expression in skeletal muscle both before and after cold acclimation of specific pathways as determined by western blot | 1 day following cold exposure and following 9 consecutive days of cold exposure |
| Gene expression in skeletal muscle | Comparison between gene expression in skeletal muscle both before and after cold acclimation of specific pathways as determined by RT-qPCR | 1 day following cold exposure and following 9 consecutive days of cold exposure |
| Body temperatures | Change in both skin and core temperature upon cold acclimation as assessed by means of temperatures sensors and a core temperature pill | 1 day following cold exposure and following 9 consecutive days of cold exposure |
| Shivering activity | Muscle shivering activity as determined by EMG. Comparison between shivering activity before and after cold acclimation | 1 day following cold exposure and following 9 consecutive days of cold exposure |
| D001835 |
| Body Weight |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D003920 | Diabetes Mellitus |
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D004700 | Endocrine System Diseases |