Patients who received medical treatment indicated by the hospital and a diet established by the hospital nutrition department of the ISSEMyM Toluca Arturo Montiel Rojas Medical Center.

Patients who received medical treatment indicated by the hospital and a diet established by the hospital nutrition department of the ISSEMyM Toluca Arturo Montiel Rojas Medical Center.

Also it received the Nutritional support system (NSS), which consists of:

1. 10 mg of cyanocobalamin, 100 mg of thiamin and 100 mg of pyridoxine administered intramuscularly every 24 hours for the first 5 days.
2. Probiotics Saccharomyces Boulardii (SB) 50 million CFU daily for 6 days orally.
3. One packet of NSS orally after morning meals and another after evening meals, mixed with 400 ml of water each, during the whole intervention for a maximum of 21 days.

Total of all reporting groups

Time elapsed from the birth of a living being to the moment the calculation is made. Based on an official ID. A number between 30 and 75.

Set of peculiarities that characterize the individuals of a species, dividing them into male and female, and make possible a reproduction characterized by genetic diversification. Based on an official ID. Categories: 1. Female 2. Male.

Place where the sample was collected

BMI greater than or equal to 25 to 29.9 kg/m^2. The patient is weighed in the baseline period within the physical examination (Approximate duration of 2 minutes). A bioimpedance scale was used.

The number of patients who presented BMI 30-39.9 kg/m^2. A bioimpedance scale was used.

the number of patients who were already diagnosed and receiving treatment with hypoglycemic agents and/or insulin prior to the start of the study

Cardiovascular disease, also known as heart disease, refers to the following 4 entities: coronary artery disease (CAD) which is also referred to as coronary heart disease (CHD), cerebrovascular disease, peripheral artery disease (PAD), and aortic atherosclerosis. Hypertension is a persistent BP reading of 140/90mmHg or more. It is asked in the baseline period within the clinical history (approximately 10 minutes). Diagnosis is not made upon admission because the physiological stress caused by COVID-19 increases BP and can lead to false positives.

Hyperlipidemia is low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol, triglyceride levels, or lipoprotein levels greater than the 90th percentile in comparison to the general population, or an HDL level less than the 10th percentile when compared to the general population. It is asked in the baseline period within the medical history (The elaboration of the medical history lasts approximately 10 minutes)

Any disease between the esophagus and rectum was considered

1. Present. 2. Absent. It is asked in the baseline period within the medical history.

Number of diseases present considering: Overweight or obesity, DM2, cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia and gastrointestinal disease. Diseases that are in the non-inclusion criteria are not considered. The summation is made in the baseline period within the clinical history (The elaboration of the clinical history takes approximately 10 minutes).

Commonly referred to as shortness of breath, is the subjective sensation of uncomfortable breathing comprised of various sensations of varying intensity.

1. Present, 2. Absent. It is asked in the baseline period within the medical history (The elaboration of the medical history lasts approximately 10 minutes)

Vomiting, or emesis, is the forceful retrograde expulsion of gastric contents from the body. Nausea is the unpleasant sensation that precedes vomiting. It is asked in the baseline period within the medical history (approximately 10 minutes).

Hyposmia refers to a reduced ability to smell. It is asked in the baseline period within the medical history (approximately 10 minutes).

Dysgeusia is an unpleasant alteration in taste. It is asked in the baseline period within the medical history (approximately 10 minutes).

Pain located in any part of the head.

1. Present, 2. Absent It is asked in the baseline period within the medical history (approximately 10 minutes).

Pain in muscle.

1. Present, 2. Absent It is asked in the baseline period within the medical history (approximately 10 minutes).

Diarrhea is described as three or more loose or watery stools a day. 1. Present, 2. Absent It is asked in the baseline period within the medical history (approximately 10 minutes).

Occurs when the desire to eat is reduced. 1. Present, 2. Absent It is asked in the baseline period within the medical history (approximately 10 minutes).

Summation of symptoms including dyspnea, nausea or vomiting, hyposmia, dysgeusia, headache, myalgia, diarrhea, and lack of appetite. The summation is made in the baseline period within the clinical history (The elaboration of the clinical history takes approximately 10 minutes).

The Bristol Stool Form Scale categorizes stools into one of seven stool types ranging from type 1 (hard lumps) to type 7 (watery diarrhea).

Type 3 and 4 were considered "Normal". The patient is asked the consistency of the stool in the baseline period (duration approximately 10 minutes).

The patient is asked the number of times he defecates daily, in the baseline period (duration approximately 10 minutes).

Is a visible increase in abdominal girth.

1. Present, 2. Absent. The patient is explored in the baseline period (duration approximately 10 minutes).

The number of breaths per minute (bpm). The patient is explored in the baseline period (duration approximately 10 minutes).

Measures how much hemoglobin is currently bound to oxygen compared to how much hemoglobin remains unbound. A pulse oximeter can measure oxygen saturation. It is a noninvasive device placed over a person's finger. It measures light wavelengths to determine the ratio of the current levels of oxygenated hemoglobin to deoxygenated hemoglobin. It is evaluated in the baseline period within the clinical history (approximately 10 minutes).

Heart rate (HR) reflects the number of contractions of the ventricles per unit time and fluctuates substantially with variations in systemic demand for oxygen. Resting heart rate (RHR) monitoring is a simple and noninvasive clinical method. It is evaluated in the baseline period within the clinical history (approximately 10 minutes).

Because we cannot measure the temperature inside these organs, temperature is taken on parts of the body that are more accessible.Balance between the production of heat by the body and its loss. Measurement using an infrared thermometer. Units of measure degrees centigrade. Average taken morning and evening measurements. It is evaluated in the baseline period within the clinical history (approximately 10 minutes).

Supplemental oxygen that is above the amount found in the atmosphere without alteration, delivered to the patient by nasal cannula or O2 mask. It is evaluated in the baseline period within the clinical history (approximately 10 minutes).

Quick-Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) score gives 0 to 3 points. ≥2 in the setting of suspected infection had a high predicted in-hospital mortality rate and could be considered septic. It is evaluated in the baseline period within the clinical history (approximately 10 minutes).

The Mini Nutritional Assessment score is a validated nutritional screening that identifies malnutrition or risk of malnutrition.

The tool consists of a short screening form of 18 items in the long version and 6 items in the short version; with score ranges between 0 minimum and 30 maximum, questions A-E should be answered and the sum of the total score should be ranked.

• 12 to 30 points: indicates adequate nutrition and does not require nutritional intervention.
• 8 and 11 ponis indicates risk of malnutrition.
• 7 or less points indicates malnutrition. maximum score 14 points.

The body mass index (BMI) is the metric currently in use for defining anthropometric height/weight characteristics in adults and for classifying (categorizing) them into groups.

Normal weight - BMI greater than or equal to 18.5 to 24.9 kg / m ^ 2. It is evaluated in the baseline period within the clinical history (approximately 10 minutes).

Hydric balance quantified in milliliters. It is evaluated in the baseline period within the clinical history (approximately 10 minutes).

There are multiple classes of antihypertensive medications used for the treatment of HTN like: Thiazide-type diuretics, Calcium channel blockers, Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), Beta-blockers, etc. It is asked in the baseline period within the medical history (approximately 10 minutes).

The main goals of Anti-diabetes therapy are to reduce symptoms of hyperglycaemia and to reduce the risk of long-term complications of diabetes. We include insulins, GLP-1 agonists, Biguanides, Sulphonylureas, Thiazolidinediones, 'Gliptins', α-glucosidase inhibitors, SGLT2 inhibitor, etc. It is asked in the baseline period within the medical history (approximately 10 minutes).

Most of the lipid-lowering drugs are classified mainly into two groups: statins and fibrates. It is asked in the baseline period within the medical history (The elaboration of the medical history lasts approximately 10 minutes).

Antibiotics are compounds that target bacteria and, thus, are intended to treat and prevent bacterial infections.

It is asked in the baseline period within the medical history (The elaboration of the medical history lasts approximately 10 minutes).

Antacids are a combination of various compounds with various salts of calcium, magnesium, and aluminum as the active ingredients. The antacids act by neutralizing the acid in the stomach and by inhibiting pepsin, which is a proteolytic enzyme.

it is asked in the baseline period within the medical history (The elaboration of the medical history lasts approximately 10 minutes).

NSAIDs are a class of medications used to treat pain, fever, and other inflammatory processes.

It is asked in the baseline period within the medical history if the patient is taking any antiacid (The elaboration of the medical history lasts approximately 10 minutes).

Hemoglobin (Hb) is the protein contained in red blood cells that is responsible for delivery of oxygen to the tissues. The amount of hemoglobin in whole blood is expressed in grams per deciliter (g/dl). The normal Hb level for males is 14 to 18 g/dl; that for females is 12 to 16 g/dl.

Laboratory samples are taken in the baseline period. The time to obtain the blood sample is approximately 1 minute.

MCHC indicates the amount of hemoglobin per unit volume. In contrast to MCH, MCHC correlates the hemoglobin content with the volume of the cell. It is expressed as g/dl of red blood cells or as a percentage value. The normal values for MCHC are 34 ± 2 g/dl.

Laboratory samples are taken in the baseline period. The time to obtain the blood sample is approximately 1 minute.

Platelets are small anucleate cell fragments that circulate in blood playing crucial role in managing vascular integrity and regulating hemostasis. Platelets are also involved in the fundamental biological process of chronic inflammation associated with disease pathology. The normal platelet count is (150-400) × 10^3 per microliter of blood.

Laboratory samples are taken in the baseline period. The time to obtain the blood sample is approximately 1 minute.

White blood cells, or leukocytes, are part of the immune system participating in both the innate and humoral immune responses. They circulate in the blood and mount inflammatory and cellular responses to injury or pathogens. The normal range of values for white blood cells is 4,000 to 11,000/mL.

Laboratory samples are taken in the baseline period. The time to obtain the blood sample is approximately 1 minute.

Neutrophils are polymorphonuclear lymphocytes that reside mainly in the peripheral vasculature. The standard circulating neutrophil count is above 1.5 x 10/L.

Laboratory samples are taken in the baseline period. The time to obtain the blood sample is approximately 1 minute.

Normal range: 4 to 6 mmol or about 72 to 108 mg/dL. Laboratory samples are taken in the baseline period. The time to obtain the blood sample is approximately 1 minute.

Cholesterol contributes to the structural makeup of the membrane as well as modulates its fluidity. Cholesterol functions as a precursor molecule in the synthesis of vitamin D, steroid hormones (e.g., cortisol and aldosterone and adrenal androgens), and sex hormones (e.g., testosterone, estrogens, and progesterone). Cholesterol is also a constituent of bile salt used in digestion to facilitate absorption of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K.

Laboratory samples are taken in the baseline period. The time to obtain the blood sample is approximately 1 minute.

Triglycerides are fatty acid esters of glycerol and represent the main lipid component of dietary fat and fat depots of animals. The general population's ideal triglyceride level is less than 150 mg/dL.

Laboratory samples are taken in the baseline period. The time to obtain the blood sample is approximately 1 minute.

Serum hepatic enzyme. Normal serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is 0 to 35 U/L.

Laboratory samples are taken in the baseline period. The time to obtain the blood sample is approximately 1 minute.

Serum hepatic enzyme. Normal serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is 7-56 U/L. Laboratory samples are taken in the baseline period. The time to obtain the blood sample is approximately 1 minute.

Albumin is the most abundant circulating protein found in plasma. The normal serum albumin is 3.5 to 5.0 g/dl.

Laboratory samples are taken in the baseline period. The time to obtain the blood sample is approximately 1 minute.

An iron storage protein. Is the primary iron storage mechanism and is critical to iron homeostasis. Reference ranges for serum ferritin vary across laboratories, but levels of 30 to 300 ng/ml are considered normal for men, and 10-200 ng/ml for women.

Laboratory samples are taken in the baseline period and the time to obtain the blood sample is approximately 1 minute.

Is one of the acute phase proteins, is synthesized in high quantity by the liver in response to IL-1 and IL-6 derived stimulation, as well as is involved in fibrin formation as the last step of a triggered coagulation activity.

Laboratory samples are taken in the baseline period and the time to obtain the blood sample is approximately 1 minute.

Is a non-specific acute-phase protein induced by IL-6 in the liver and a sensitive biomarker of inflammation, infection, and tissue damage.

Laboratory samples are taken in the baseline period the time to obtain the blood sample is approximately 1 minute.

Is the soluble plasmin-mediated degradation product of fibrin, which is produced after activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis.

Laboratory samples are taken in the baseline period and the time to obtain the blood sample is approximately 1 minute.

Is the end product of creatine and creatine phosphate metabolism. Is a nitrogenous organic acid that is generated predominantly in the kidney and liver, and to some extent in the pancreas, using three amino acids, glycine, arginine, and methionine. Serum creatinine level for men with normal kidney function is approximately 0.6 to 1.2mg/dL and between 0.5 to 1.1 mg/dL for women.

Laboratory samples are taken in the baseline period and the time to obtain the blood sample is approximately 1 minute.

Is generated by the urea cycle enzymes, which are mainly in the liver but are also ubiquitously expressed at low levels in other tissues. As a terminal product, is subsequently excreted out of the organism after generation. The normal range of urea nitrogen in blood or serum is 5 to 20 mg/dl.

Laboratory samples are taken in the baseline period and the time to obtain the blood sample is approximately 1 minute.

Clinicians usually use blood urea nitrogen (BUN) to measure the amount of nitrogen coming from urea in the blood as an index of renal function. The normal range of urea nitrogen in blood or serum is 5 to 20 mg/dl.

Laboratory samples are taken in the baseline period and the time to obtain the blood sample is approximately 1 minute.

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is classically used just for evaluating individual's kidney function and for scoring disease stages in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Laboratory samples are taken in the baseline period and the time to obtain the blood sample is approximately 1 minute.

Is a protein that consists of 116 amino acids and is the peptide precursor of calcitonin. Is a biomarker generally elevated in bacterial infections but not viral and it is a guidance for physicians to evaluate the decreasing antibiotic use in critically ill patients. Serum PCT concentration in healthy individuals is typically <0.1 μg/L.

Laboratory samples are taken in the baseline period and the time to obtain the blood sample is approximately 1 minute.

One kilocalorie (equivalent to 4.184 kJ) is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water 1°C (e.g., from 15 to 16°C) at standard atmospheric pressure (760 mm Hg). Food diaries are made that are subsequently analyzed by a nutritionist. The realization of the food diary is done 3 times a day after the meal (5 minutes each approximately)

Patients who received medical treatment indicated by the hospital and a diet established by the hospital nutrition department of the ISSEMyM Toluca Arturo Montiel Rojas Medical Center.

Patients who received medical treatment indicated by the hospital and a diet established by the hospital nutrition department of the ISSEMyM Toluca Arturo Montiel Rojas Medical Center.

Also it received the Nutritional support system (NSS), which consists of:

1. 10 mg of cyanocobalamin, 100 mg of thiamin and 100 mg of pyridoxine administered intramuscularly every 24 hours for the first 5 days.
2. Probiotics Saccharomyces Boulardii (SB) 50 million CFU daily for 6 days orally.
3. One packet of NSS orally after morning meals and another after evening meals, mixed with 400 ml of water each, during the whole intervention for a maximum of 21 days.