Study on the Safety of the Drug Runcaciguat and How Well it Works When Given at the Highest Dose as Tolerated by Individual Patient Whose Kidneys Are Not Working Properly and Suffering at the Same Time From High Blood Sugar and/or High Blood Pressure and a Disease of the Heart and the Blood Vessels.

A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Multi-center Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Individually Titrated Oral Doses of Runcaciguat in Subjects With Clinical Diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Disease With Diabetes and/or Hypertension and at Least One Cardiovascular Comorbidity

Researchers in this study want to learn more about the safety of the drug runcaciguat and how well it works when given at the highest dose as tolerated by the individual patient whose kidneys are not working properly and suffering at the same time from high blood sugar and/or high blood pressure and a disease of the heart and the blood vessels. Runcaciguat is a new drug under development for the improvement of kidney function. It works by activating proteins that helps to dilate blood vessels, including vessels in the kidneys. This can improve blood flow in kidney and may slow down the progression of kidney disease. This dilative effect can also influence the heart rate and blood pressure. Researchers also wants to find the best dose of the drug during the study.

Participants in this study will receive either runcaciguat or placebo tablets every morning for 8 weeks. A placebo looks like the study drug but does not have any active medicine in it. On a weekly basis, the dose of the runcaciguat will be increased step by step. In total, participants will visit the doctors about 10 times, and the observation will last for about 16 weeks. Blood and urine samples will collected from the participants.

Inclusion Criteria:

Age - Participant must be ≥ 45 of age inclusive, at the time of signing the informed consent.

Type of Participant and Disease Characteristics

- Participants who have:

• history of any of the following:

  • type 2 diabetes mellitus as defined by the American Diabetes Association (on treatment with glucose-lowering medications and/or insulin) for at least 2 years, and/or;
  • diagnosis of hypertension (defined as systolic blood pressure [BP] values ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP values ≥90 mmHg) and on hypertension medication for at least 5 years;

• established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (e.g. coronary artery disease, peripheral arterial disease, cerebrovascular disease) or heart failure;

• a clinical diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) based on all of the following criteria:

  • (estimated) glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 25 mL/min/1.73 m^2 but ≤ 60 mL/min/1.73 m^2 (acc. Percentage of decrease in eGFR [CKD EPI]);
  • persistent high albuminuria defined as urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio [UACR] of between 30 mg/g and 3000 mg/g in 2 first morning void samples (collected at least 1 week apart);
  • Stable treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) or angiotensin-receptor blocker (ARB) for the participant maximum tolerated labelled daily dose and otherwise stable antihypertensive treatment both for at least 3 months before randomization, without any adjustments to this therapy for at least 4 weeks prior to randomization;

• Diabetes patients that are on SGLT2-inhibitor (SGLT: sodium glucose transport protein) have to be on stable treatment for at least 3 months before Screening visit.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Known non-diabetic and non-hypertension related renal diseases as autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, bilateral clinically relevant renal artery stenosis, lupus nephritis, or ANCA-associated vasculitis, IgA nephropathy without hypertension, or any other secondary glomerulonephritis;

• Clinical diagnoses of heart failure and persistent symptoms (New York Heart Association (NYHA class III - IV);

• Uncontrolled hypertension indicated by >160 mmHg systolic BP or ≥ 100 mmHg diastolic BP;

• History of secondary hypertension (i.e., renal artery stenosis, primary aldosteronism, or pheochromocytoma);

• Stroke, transient ischemic cerebral attack, acute coronary syndrome, or hospitalization for worsening heart failure, in the last 3 months prior to the planned randomization;

• Dialysis for acute renal failure within the previous 6 months prior to the planned randomization;

• Renal allograft in place or a scheduled kidney transplant within the next 18 weeks (being on a waiting list does not exclude the subject);

• Hepatic insufficiency classified as Child-Pugh B or C or other significant liver disease (e.g., acute hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis, cirrhosis as indicated by e.g. aspartate aminotransferase [AST] or Alanine aminotransferase [ALT] >3x upper limit of norm [ULN]);

• Active malignancy other than treated squamous cell, carcinoma in situ, or basal cell carcinoma of the skin Prior/Concomitant Therapy;

• Any surgical or medical condition, which in the opinion of the investigator, may place the patient at higher risk from his/her participation in the study, or is likely to prevent the patient from complying with the requirements of the study or completing the study including but not limited to:

  1. History of active inflammatory bowel disease within the last 6 months before randomization;
  2. Major gastrointestinal tract surgery such as gastrectomy, gastroenterostomy, or bowel resection;
  3. Gastro-intestinal ulcers and/or gastrointestinal or rectal bleeding within last 6 months before randomization;
  4. Pancreatic injury or pancreatitis within the last 6 months before randomization;

• Non diabetic patients treated with SGLT-2 (SGLT:sodium glucose transport protein) inhibitors;

• Combination use of ACEi and ARB within 3 months prior to randomization;

• Concomitant therapy with nitrates, PDE5 inhibitors including nonspecific inhibitors (e.g. dipyridamole and theophylline), soluble guanylate cyclase [sGC] stimulators, renin inhibitors (within 4 weeks prior to randomization);

• Participation in another clinical study or treatment with another investigational product 90 days prior to randomization;

• Previous randomization in this study;

• hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) >11%;