a comparative prospective study of postoperative between minimally invasive and open surgery complications for esophageal replacement in children

Esophageal replacement in childhood is indicated in esophageal atresia patients with long-gap defects or following complications of primary esophageal anastomosis, as well as in patients with trauma and scarring to the esophagus following caustic ingestion. It is widely accepted that the ideal esophageal replacement is one that resembles the function of the native esophagus with minimal deterioration over time. Several techniques of esophageal replacement have been developed. These have focused mainly on the use of native tissues (including the stomach, jejunum, and colon) as conduits (1), attempts to use a synthetic prosthesis have been largely unsuccessful. In an attempt to reduce the trauma and morbidity associated with laparotomy and thoracotomy incisions, minimally invasive techniques are increasingly used. (2-4). Meta-analyses of adult esophagectomy for the treatment of esophageal cancer support the use of minimally invasive surgery (5) however, equivalent comparative studies in the pediatric population are lacking. As such, it is unclear whether minimally esophageal replacement is as safe as the open procedure in children. The present study aims to address this question by comparing the postoperative outcomes of children who underwent minimally invasive versus open esophageal replacement procedures at single-center and multicenter levels.

Inclusion Criteria:

All children undergoing oesophageal replacement aged one to 18 years. Due to

1. long gap esophageal atresia
2. caustic ingestion
3. congenital esophageal stenosis or strictures

Exclusion Criteria:

• patient who underwent previous esophageal replacement operations.

children up to 18 years