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Aversive sensory phenomena such as premonitory urges play a central role in the behavioral treatment model of tics. Extinction learning and extinction recall are learning processes implicated within this model, but are still understudied for individuals with Tourette syndrome (TS). This study examines extinction learning and extinction recall in adults with TS using an experimental task. This study will also explore the relationship between extinction processes (i.e., extinction learning and extinction recall) and treatment outcomes with behavior therapy. Findings from this investigation will be used to update the behavioral treatment model, which serves as the basis for evidence-based behavioral interventions.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Habit Reversal Training | Experimental | Habit Reversal Training (HRT) is a multi-component evidence-based treatment for tics. It will be delivered over 8 hours of treatment. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Habit Reversal Training | Behavioral | Habit Reversal Training (HRT) is a multi-component evidence-based treatment for tics. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Tic severity as assessed by the Hopkins Motor and Vocal Tic Scale (HM/VTS) | Patient will nominate up to five motor and five vocal tics they deem bothersome on the HM/VTS. Each bothersome tic is then rated by a clinician on the composite two (vocal and motor) 5-point HM/VTS scale ranging from none (0) to severe (4) for the motor as well as vocal tics. The individual tic scores are summed (minimum of 0 and maximum of 40) and averaged together to create an average tic severity score. | Within 1 week after completion of HRT |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Tic severity as assessed by the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale-Revised (YGTSS) | The YGTSS is a clinician-rated semi-structured interview that measures tic symptom severity over the previous week. It consists of 10-items that assess different dimensions of tic severity for motor and vocal tics, which are rated on a 0-5 scale. The YGTSS produces a Total Tic Score (range: 0-50), with higher ratings indicating greater tic severity. The YGTSS has demonstrated treatment sensitivity to pharmacotherapy and behavioral interventions. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Joseph F McGuire, PhD | Johns Hopkins University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine | Baltimore | Maryland | 21205 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005879 | Tourette Syndrome |
| D013981 | Tic Disorders |
| D020323 | Tics |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001480 | Basal Ganglia Diseases |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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| Within 1 week after completion of HRT |
| D009069 | Movement Disorders |
| D020271 | Heredodegenerative Disorders, Nervous System |
| D019636 | Neurodegenerative Diseases |
| D030342 | Genetic Diseases, Inborn |
| D009358 | Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities |
| D065886 | Neurodevelopmental Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D020820 | Dyskinesias |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |