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We aim to study the use of a virtual reality device (VRD) in addition to our standardized analgesic care protocol for abdominal bedside VAC dressing change and we hypothesize to decrease pain and anxiety and to increase patients' comfort by this intervention.
Monocentric non-blinded superiority randomized controlled trial: standardized analgesic protocol + virtual reality device vs. standardized analgesic protocol alone for abdominal VAC dressing change.
The day of the procedure, each patient will receive a standardized local and systemic analgesia 30 minutes before starting the procedure. The referring surgeon will explain at this moment every step of the procedure of bedside abdominal VAC dressing change.
Baseline levels of pain and anxiety will be assessed by use of VAS (0-10) and one additional questionnaire (STAI).
Virtual reality device will be activated 15 minutes before the beginning of the procedure and will remain as long as the procedure is going on and for 15minutes after finishing the wound dressing.
15 minutes after removing the VRD and 30minutes after finishing the wound dressing the STAI questionnaire and VAS for anxiety, pain and satisfaction (0-10) will be completed by the patient.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standardized analgesic protocol alone | No Intervention | Abdominal VAC dressing change using an standardized analgesic protocol alone. | |
| VRD + standardized analgesic protocol | Experimental | Abdominal VAC dressing change using standardized analgesic protocol + virtual reality device |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VRD in addition to standardized analgesic protocol | Device | Use of VRD in addition to standardized analgesic protoco for abdominal VAC dressing change |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change of pain using a virtual reality device in addition to a standardized analgesic protocol for bedside abdominal VAC dressing change. Pain will be measured by using a visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain (0-10) in the two groups. | Measurement of pain using a visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain with scores range from 0 (no pain) and 10 (worst possible pain), before (baseline: pre-procedure) and immediately after bedside abdominal vacuum assisted closure (VAC) dressing change in the two groups (virtual reality device + standardized analgesic protocol and standardized analgesic protocol alone) in order to demonstrate if a virtual reality device can reduce pain when used in addition to standard care. | Baseline (pre-procedure) and immediately after the procedure |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change of anxiety using a virtual reality device along with a standardized analgesic protocol for bedside abdominal VAC dressing change. Anxiety will be measured by using, in the 2 groups, a VAS scale for anxiety along with a STAI questionnaire. | Measurement of anxiety using the validated questionnaire State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and a visual analogue scale (VAS) for anxiety from 0 (no anxiety) and 10 (worst possible anxiety), before (baseline: pre-procedure) and immediately after bedside abdominal vacuum assisted closure (VAC) in dressing change in the two groups (virtual reality device + standardized analgesic protocol and standardized analgesic protocol alone) in order to demonstrate if a virtual reality device can reduce anxiety used in addition to standard care. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Martin Hubner, Prof | University of Lausanne Hospitals | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Center | Lausanne | 1011 | Switzerland |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 24935079 | Background | Huang C, Leavitt T, Bayer LR, Orgill DP. Effect of negative pressure wound therapy on wound healing. Curr Probl Surg. 2014 Jul;51(7):301-31. doi: 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2014.04.001. Epub 2014 Apr 26. | |
| 27073441 | Background | Ma Z, Shou K, Li Z, Jian C, Qi B, Yu A. Negative pressure wound therapy promotes vessel destabilization and maturation at various stages of wound healing and thus influences wound prognosis. Exp Ther Med. 2016 Apr;11(4):1307-1317. doi: 10.3892/etm.2016.3083. Epub 2016 Feb 17. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010146 | Pain |
| D001008 | Anxiety Disorders |
| D017060 | Patient Satisfaction |
| D010549 | Personal Satisfaction |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
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Monocentric non-blinded superiority randomized controlled trial: standardized analgesic protocol + virtual reality device vs. standardized analgesic protocol alone for abdominal VAC dressing change.
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| Baseline (pre-procedure) and immediately after the procedure |
| Assessment of patients satisfaction using a virtual reality device in addition to a standardized analgesic protocol for bedside abdominal VAC dressing change. Satisfaction will be measured by using a visual analogue scale (VAS) for satisfaction. | Satisfaction assessment using a visual analogue scale (VAS) from 1 (not satisfied at all) to 10 (very satisfied) in the two groups (virtual reality device + standardized analgesic protocol and standardized analgesic protocol alone) in order to demonstrate if a virtual reality device can increase patients satisfaction when used in addition to standard care. The assessment will be performed immediately after the procedure. | Immediately after the procedure |
| 9577325 | Background | Banwell P, Withey S, Holten I. The use of negative pressure to promote healing. Br J Plast Surg. 1998 Jan;51(1):79. doi: 10.1016/s0007-1226(98)80142-2. No abstract available. |
| 30267040 | Background | Sahebally SM, McKevitt K, Stephens I, Fitzpatrick F, Deasy J, Burke JP, McNamara D. Negative Pressure Wound Therapy for Closed Laparotomy Incisions in General and Colorectal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Surg. 2018 Nov 1;153(11):e183467. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2018.3467. Epub 2018 Nov 21. |
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| 30618938 | Background | Atzori B, Hoffman HG, Vagnoli L, Patterson DR, Alhalabi W, Messeri A, Lauro Grotto R. Virtual Reality Analgesia During Venipuncture in Pediatric Patients With Onco-Hematological Diseases. Front Psychol. 2018 Dec 20;9:2508. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02508. eCollection 2018. |
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| 17305448 | Background | Riva G, Mantovani F, Capideville CS, Preziosa A, Morganti F, Villani D, Gaggioli A, Botella C, Alcaniz M. Affective interactions using virtual reality: the link between presence and emotions. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2007 Feb;10(1):45-56. doi: 10.1089/cpb.2006.9993. |
| 28539139 | Background | Anderson AP, Mayer MD, Fellows AM, Cowan DR, Hegel MT, Buckey JC. Relaxation with Immersive Natural Scenes Presented Using Virtual Reality. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2017 Jun 1;88(6):520-526. doi: 10.3357/AMHP.4747.2017. |
| 29166665 | Background | Navarro-Haro MV, Lopez-Del-Hoyo Y, Campos D, Linehan MM, Hoffman HG, Garcia-Palacios A, Modrego-Alarcon M, Borao L, Garcia-Campayo J. Meditation experts try Virtual Reality Mindfulness: A pilot study evaluation of the feasibility and acceptability of Virtual Reality to facilitate mindfulness practice in people attending a Mindfulness conference. PLoS One. 2017 Nov 22;12(11):e0187777. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187777. eCollection 2017. |
| 22588767 | Background | Julian LJ. Measures of anxiety: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety (HADS-A). Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2011 Nov;63 Suppl 11(0 11):S467-72. doi: 10.1002/acr.20561. No abstract available. |
| 24899241 | Background | Guo C, Deng H, Yang J. Effect of virtual reality distraction on pain among patients with hand injury undergoing dressing change. J Clin Nurs. 2015 Jan;24(1-2):115-20. doi: 10.1111/jocn.12626. Epub 2014 Jun 4. |
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| 31342823 | Background | Ding J, He Y, Chen L, Zhu B, Cai Q, Chen K, Liu G. Virtual reality distraction decreases pain during daily dressing changes following haemorrhoid surgery. J Int Med Res. 2019 Sep;47(9):4380-4388. doi: 10.1177/0300060519857862. Epub 2019 Jul 25. |
| 25914482 | Background | Umezawa S, Higurashi T, Uchiyama S, Sakai E, Ohkubo H, Endo H, Nonaka T, Nakajima A. Visual distraction alone for the improvement of colonoscopy-related pain and satisfaction. World J Gastroenterol. 2015 Apr 21;21(15):4707-14. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i15.4707. |
| 41737441 | Derived | Barbera-Carbonell B, Kefleyesus A, Djafarrian R, Geinoz S, Hahnloser D, Grass F, Hubner M. Impact of Virtual Reality Headset on Pain and Anxiety for Bedside Abdominal VAC Dressing Change (VIRPA): A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Health Sci Rep. 2026 Feb 22;9(2):e71877. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.71877. eCollection 2026 Feb. |
| D000074822 | Treatment Adherence and Compliance |
| D015438 | Health Behavior |
| D001519 | Behavior |