Rationale: Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) 2 could result in endothelial dysfunction with increased risk of arterial thrombotic events by downregulating the expression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Endothelial function can be easily and non-invasively determined by carotid artery reactivity (CAR) testing.

Objective: To investigate the predictive value of endothelial dysfunction, measured by carotid artery reactivity testing, for 1-year cardiovascular events in patients with past COVID-19 infection.

Study design: A prospective observational longitudinal cohort study.

Study population: Patients recovered from confirmed infection with SARS-CoV2.

Main study parameters/endpoints: macrovascular endothelial function measured by carotid artery reactivity testing.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Confirmed SARS-CoV2 infection by polymerase chain reaction on nasopharyngeal swab, sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage.
• At least 6 and no more than 20 weeks after resolution of COVID-19 related symptoms
• ≥ 16 years old

Exclusion Criteria:

• Recent (<3 months) angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, stroke, or heart failure
• Raynaud syndrome, scleroderma, complex regional pain syndrome of the upper extremity or presence of arteriovenous fistula or open wounds on both the upper extremities.

Patients with past COVID-19 infection will be recruited at Bernhoven hospital, the Netherlands.