Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| University of Zambia | OTHER |
| Vanderbilt University Medical Center | OTHER |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
High dietary salt is associated with immune activation, elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines and hypertension in murine models. Hypertension is independently associated with inflammation in both murine studies and studies in humans. In people living with HIV, these interactions are not well established. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of excess dietary salt on immune cell activation, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and blood pressure between individuals with and without hypertension among people living with HIV and HIV negative persons.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| HIV+ Hypertensive | Experimental | Participants receive 4 grams of dietary salt (equivalent of 1, 560 mg sodium) everyday for seven days followed by 9 grams (equivalent of 3, 510 mg sodium) of dietary salt for the following seven days |
|
| HIV+ Normotensive | Other | Participants receive 4 grams of dietary salt (equivalent of 1, 560 mg sodium) everyday for seven days followed by 9 grams (equivalent of 3, 510 mg sodium) of dietary salt for the following seven days |
|
| HIV- Hypertensive | Experimental | Participants receive 4 grams of dietary salt (equivalent of 1, 560 mg sodium) everyday for seven days followed by 9 grams (equivalent of 3, 510 mg sodium) of dietary salt for the following seven days |
|
| HIV- Normotensive | Other | Participants receive 4 grams of dietary salt (equivalent of 1, 560 mg sodium) everyday for seven days followed by 9 grams (equivalent of 3, 510 mg sodium) of dietary salt for the following seven days |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary salt (Sodium chloride) | Dietary Supplement | Dietary salt used was sodium chloride tablets (from the research consolidated midland corporation division, New York, USA) which participants crashed and put in their food and/or ingested. Each tablet weighed one (1) gram and contained 394 mg of sodium and 606 mg of chloride. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pro-inflammatory cytokines | Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines when compared between low and high salt phase | 2 weeks: At the end of the low- and high-salt phases |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Blood pressure | Elevated blood pressure | 2 weeks: At the end of the low- and high-salt phases |
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Sepiso K Masenga, PhD | Mulungushi University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Livingstone Central Hospital | Livingstone | Southern Province | 10101 | Zambia |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31311574 | Background | Masenga SK, Hamooya BM, Nzala S, Kwenda G, Heimburger DC, Mutale W, Koethe JR, Kirabo A, Munsaka SM. HIV, immune activation and salt-sensitive hypertension (HISH): a research proposal. BMC Res Notes. 2019 Jul 16;12(1):424. doi: 10.1186/s13104-019-4470-2. |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000075222 | Essential Hypertension |
| D007249 | Inflammation |
| D000163 | Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome |
| D006973 | Hypertension |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012965 | Sodium Chloride |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002712 | Chlorides |
| D006851 | Hydrochloric Acid |
| D017606 | Chlorine Compounds |
| D007287 | Inorganic Chemicals |
Not provided
Not provided
Participants are instructed on salt deprivation for a week followed by a low salt (4 grams) diet for one week and switched to high salt (9 grams) for the following one week
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
|
| D015658 | HIV Infections |
| D000086982 | Blood-Borne Infections |
| D003141 | Communicable Diseases |
| D007239 | Infections |
| D015229 | Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral |
| D012749 | Sexually Transmitted Diseases |
| D016180 | Lentivirus Infections |
| D012192 | Retroviridae Infections |
| D012327 | RNA Virus Infections |
| D014777 | Virus Diseases |
| D012897 | Slow Virus Diseases |
| D000091662 | Genital Diseases |
| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
| D007153 | Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |
| D017670 |
| Sodium Compounds |