There is increasing evidence that [18F]-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) PET/CT is useful in the identification and treatment of disease processes that involve cardiac inflammation and infection. Current applications include imaging intra-cardiac device and prosthetic valve infections, evaluating patients with known or suspected cardiac sarcoidosis or other inflammatory cardiomyopathies.

However, because normal myocardium can metabolize both glucose and free fatty acids (FFAs), physiological accumulation of FDG in the myocardium can interfere with the recognition of abnormal FDG uptake.

The use of a low-carbohydrate diet with a prolonged fast ≥ 12 h nutrition followed by a fast of at least four hours is the effective preparation recommended to suppress physiological myocardial FDG uptake.

However, the rate of suppression of physiological accumulation of FDG with this method in our center is only 50%.

Methodology :

Group of 30 consecutive patients with cardiac FDG PET prescribed, prospectively enrolled, compared to a group with the last 30 patients referred for cardiac FDG PET in the nuclear medicine department of the Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace.

Procedures :

Infusion of 100mL lipid emulsion for intravenous two hours before cardiac FDG PET/CT:

• Infusion rate will be 20 mL/hour during the initial 10 minutes (3 mL Intralipid)
• The dose will be then increased to 40 mL/hour for the next 10 minutes (6 mL Intralipid)
• Finally, for the next 50 minutes the dose will be increased to 100 mL/hour (83mL Intralipid)

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients with an FDG PET/CT prescribed to explore cardiac disease process

Exclusion Criteria:

• renal insufficiency,
• uncompensated diabetes mellitus,
• pancreatitis,
• liver insufficiency,
• hypothyroidism
• metabolic disorders
• sepsis.
• soy protein allergy

Group of 30 consecutive patients with cardiac FDG PET prescribed, prospectively enrolled, compared to a group with the last 30 patients referred for cardiac FDG PET.