Tocilizumab for the Prevention of Graft Failure and GVHD in Haplo-Cord Transplantation

A Prospective Study of Tocilizumab for the Prevention of Graft Failure and Graft-versus-Host Disease in Haplo-Cord Transplantation

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety of reducing and ultimately eliminating anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) from the haplo-cord transplant conditioning regimen and replacing it with tocilizumab, an IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody, to improve immune reconstitution and reduce relapse while preserving low rates of graft failure and graft versus host disease (GVHD).

This study is a prospective phase II non-inferiority study investigating tocilizumab as a potential alternative to anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) in haplo-cord transplantation. It is a single-center study based at Weill Cornell Medicine/NewYork Presbyterian Hospital.

The hypothesis is that tocilizumab is a safe and effective alternative to ATG in haplo-cord transplantation, facilitating transient engraftment of the haplo-identical stem cell graft without prolonged neutropenia or second nadir prior to durable cord engraftment while also preventing graft versus host disease (GVHD).

This study plans to enroll patients with hematologic malignancies in need of alternate donor transplant. All subjects will be conditioned with fludarabine, melphalan and total body irradiation (TBI), followed by a single dose of tocilizumab 8 mg/kg on Day -1. Patients will be enrolled into 4 successive cohorts, initially administering the current standard 3 doses of ATG 1.5 mg/kg (total 4.5 mg/kg). In the absence of safety signals, we will drop one dose of ATG in successive cohorts until the drug ultimately has been eliminated.

The primary endpoint of the study is successful haplo-derived neutrophil engraftment. Treatment will only be of interest if there is evidence that this rate is greater than 60%. If there are 4 or fewer successes, that dose group will be deemed unacceptable and the next higher ATG dose for which there were 5 or more success will be expanded.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Subject must have a confirmed diagnosis of one of the following:

   1. Relapsed or refractory acute leukemia (myeloid or lymphoid)
   2. Acute leukemia in first remission at high-risk for recurrence
   3. Chronic myelogenous leukemia in chronic, accelerated phase or blast-crisis
   4. Myelodysplastic syndromes
   5. Chronic myeloproliferative disease
   6. Recurrent, refractory or high-risk malignant lymphoma
   7. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia, relapsed or with poor prognostic features
   8. Multiple myeloma
   9. Other hematological disorder in need of allogeneic transplant (e.g. blastoid dendritic cell neoplasm)

2. Age ≥ 18 years.

3. Likely to benefit from allogeneic transplant in the opinion of the transplant physician.

4. An HLA-identical related or unrelated donor cannot be identified within an appropriate time frame.

5. Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) of ≥ 70%.

6. Acceptable organ function as defined below:

   1. Serum bilirubin: <2.0 mg/dL
   2. ALT (SGPT) <3x upper limit of normal (ULN)
   3. Creatinine Clearance: >50 mL/min/1.73m2 (eGFR as estimated by the modified MDRD equation)
   4. Left ventricular ejection fraction >40%
   5. Pulmonary diffusion capacity >40% predicted

7. Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Life expectancy is severely limited by concomitant illness or uncontrolled infection.
2. Evidence of chronic active hepatitis or cirrhosis
3. Uncontrolled HIV disease.
4. Pregnancy or lactation.
5. History of complicated diverticulitis, including fistulae, abscess formation or gastrointestinal perforation
6. History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biological composition as tocilizumab, including known allergies to Chinese hamster ovary cell products or other recombinant human or humanized antibodies.