This study collects blood samples, medical information, and medical images from patients who are being treated for cancer and have a positive test for SARS CoV-2, the new coronavirus that causes the disease called COVID-19. Collecting blood samples, medical information, and medical images may help researchers determine how COVID-19 affects the outcomes of patients undergoing cancer treatment and how having cancer affects COVID-19.

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. Characterize patient factors, such as pre-existing comorbidities, cancer type and treatment, and demographic factors, associated with short- and long-term outcomes of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), including symptoms, severity, and fatality, in adult and pediatric cancer patients undergoing treatment.

II. Describe cancer treatment modifications made in response to COVID-19 in adult and pediatric patients, including dose adjustments, changes in symptom management, or temporary or permanent cessation.

III. Evaluate the association of COVID-19 with cancer outcomes in adult patient subgroups defined by clinico-pathologic characteristics and in pediatric patients.

EXPLORATORY CORRELATIVE OBJECTIVES:

I. Study the immune response to COVID-19 in patients with cancer by assessing cytokines by Olink profiling and the cellular compartment of the immune system using mass cytometry (CyTOF).

II. Describe coagulation abnormalities in COVID-19 cancer patients. III. Describe the development of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) antibodies and neutralizing antibodies in cancer patients.

IV. Investigate both common and rare genetic variants associated with differences in disease outcome using a case-case design to increase understanding of COVID-19 disease in cancer patients using large-scale genome-wide association studies and whole genome sequencing.

V. Characterize the development and longevity of vaccine-induced immunity using serology (ligand-binding assays) and neutralizing antibodies.

VI. Collect and bank research blood specimens and radiological images for future research.

PATIENT-REPORTED HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE OBJECTIVES:

I. Describe patient-reported short-and long-term physical health, defined as a composite of physical function, pain interference and intensity, and ability to participate in social roles and activities, as measured by the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)-29 version (v)2.0 profile in adult cancer patients diagnosed with COVID-19. (Primary) II. Describe patient-reported short-and long-term symptoms (anxiety, depression, and dyspnea) and function (cognitive function and social isolation) in adult cancer patients diagnosed with COVID-19. (Secondary) III. Assess how patient-reported physical health (primary objective) and symptoms and function (secondary objective) in adult cancer patients vary by COVID-19 symptom burden, cancer type, cancer treatment, comorbidities, tobacco use, body mass index, and demographic characteristics. (Exploratory)

PEDIATRIC COVNET COHORT OBJECTIVE (FOR PATIENTS < 18 YEARS OLD):

I. Investigate both common and rare variants associated with differences in disease outcome using a case-case design for children and adolescents, < 18 years old to increase understanding of COVID-19 in pediatric cancer patients.

OUTLINE:

Patients undergo collection of medical information about COVID-19 symptoms, treatments/cancer treatments and outcomes, and results from laboratory tests and imaging scans performed as part of routine care for up to 2 years. Patients also undergo collection of blood samples at the same times they receive routine bloodwork up to 8 times for adults and up to 5 times for children. Patients who are hospitalized for COVID-19 undergo collection of blood samples at up to 6 additional times for adults and up to 3 additional times for children. Adult patients also complete quality of life questionnaire.

Inclusion Criteria:

• NCCAPS STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA:

• Patient must have a prior or current cancer diagnosis (e.g., solid tumor or hematologic malignancy) and cancer treatment that fits into one of the three following categories:

  • Metastatic (stage IV) solid tumor, any hematologic malignancy, or any central nervous system (CNS) malignancy, and:

    • Patient is receiving eligible active treatment (defined as current treatment or treatment within the 6 weeks prior to their first positive SARS-CoV-2 test collection) or is expected to begin receiving treatment within 2 weeks of study enrollment
    • Eligible active treatment types are chemotherapy, immunotherapy, monoclonal antibody therapy (e.g., rituximab, trastuzumab, cetuximab), targeted therapy (e.g., BRAF/MEK inhibitor, EGF-R inhibitor), endocrine therapy, radiation therapy, or targeted radionuclide therapy; OR

  • Non-metastatic (Stage I-III) solid tumor and:

    • Patient is receiving eligible active treatment (defined as current treatment or treatment within past 6 weeks prior to their first positive SARS-CoV-2 test collection) or is expected to begin receiving treatment within 2 weeks of study enrollment

    • Eligible active treatment types for non-metastatic solid tumor patients are intravenous chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, radiation therapy, targeted radionuclide therapy, or monoclonal antibody therapy (except as noted below)

      • HER2-targeted therapy (trastuzumab, pertuzumab, neratinib, ado-trastuzumab) that is not accompanied by chemotherapy is NOT considered an eligible active treatment
      • Patients on endocrine therapy alone are not eligible; OR

  • Prior or current transplant for the treatment of cancer:

    • Patient has received an allogenic stem cell/bone marrow transplant or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell or other modified cellular therapy at any time; or
    • Patient is currently receiving treatment or prophylaxis for graft versus (vs.) host disease; or
    • Patient has received an autologous stem cell/bone marrow transplant within the past 2 years

• Patient must have documented positive viral test result for SARS-CoV-2

  • For patients 18 years of age or older, the specimen collection for the patient's FIRST positive test must have occurred no earlier than 14 days prior to enrollment
  • For patients under 18 years of age, the specimen collection for the patient's first positive test must have occurred after January 31, 2020
  • The viral test can be either a nucleic acid (polymerase chain reaction [PCR]) test or an antigen test. Serological or antibody tests are not allowed
  • Any specimen source (e.g., nasopharyngeal swab, oropharyngeal swab, etc.) is allowable for the viral SARS-CoV-2 test
  • Patients with prior negative viral SARS-CoV-2 test(s) are eligible if they are being tested again
  • The SARS-CoV-2 test must be a validated diagnostic assay performed in accordance with the most recent guidance issued by the Food and Drug administration (FDA) in the Policy for Coronavirus Disease-2019 Tests During the Public Health Emergency. This policy is available at: https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/policy-coronavirus-disease-2019-tests-during-public-health-emergency-revised

• Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients are eligible

• Patients with CNS metastases are eligible

• Co-enrollment on other clinical trials (for cancer or for COVID-19) is allowed

• PEDIATRIC COVNET COHORT ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA:

Patients should only be enrolled in the pediatric COVNET cohort if they are not eligible for the main NCCAPS Study cohort or decline to participate in the main study

• Patient must be < 18 years of age
• Patient must have a positive SARS-CoV-2 viral test after January 31, 2020
• Patient must have a current or prior diagnosis of cancer. Active cancer treatment is not required
• Note: Patients who enroll on Pediatric COVNET cohort will not be followed longitudinally; study data collection involves only a single questionnaire and research blood collection. A separate consent document is provided for the Pediatric COVNET cohort

Patients with a prior or current cancer diagnosis and with a positive SARS CoV-2 test within 14 days of enrollment

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