To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of rehabilitation training based on brain-computer interface in improving the upper motor function, self-care ability in daily life and quality of life in patients with ischemic stroke. This study adopts centralized uniform random 1:1 grouping, subjects will be randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group. Randomization schemes are generated by statistical professionals using SAS software.

Brain computer interface(BCI) is a noninvasive nervous system intervention. As a new method, it is applied in rehabilitation by stimulating peripheral nerve, such as motor, vibration, sensory, in combination with other stimulations, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial electrical stimulation, etc.

In traditional rehabilitation therapy, hand-holding training is completed by physical therapist. Rehabilitation robot is also used for auxiliary training. BCI therapy will stimulate patients to take part in rehabilitation training more actively and obtain better effects on the rehabilitation of stroke.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Adult subjects (18 years<male or female≤80 years )
2. Ischemic stroke diagnosed by MRI within 1 month before randomization
3. Unilateral upper limb dysfunction with NIHSS score 1-3 at the time of randomization
4. Informed consent signed

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Unable to understand or cooperate because of severe aphasia or cognitive impairment (CDR >0.5) or mental illness
2. A history of epilepsy
3. Sensory disorders or hallucinations
4. Internal carotid artery dissection or thrombolysis
5. Apraxia
6. Agnosia
7. Other diseases that may interfere with motor function
8. Severe cardiopulmonary disease, severe illness, and unstable vital signs
9. Severe balance dysfunction
10. Participating in other clinical trial
11. During pregnancy and lactation
12. The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) scores of upper extremities>4.

All data described in the outcomes section are available on request to the corresponding author. The protocol and SAP was uploaded in the supplemental materials with the paper